The PhilPapers SurveysHighest linear correlations (Back to contents)

Correlations with: Aesthetic value:objective

N = 931 (target faculty). Cut-off = +/-0.05

n < 10 omitted. Some redundant or trivial correlations are not shown.

Jump to: Main Survey questions | Philosophical orientation | Background questions

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Main Survey questions

Answer Corrrelation coefficient
Meta-ethics:moral realism0.411
moral realism moral anti-realism
objective
79%(313/396)
16.6%(66/396)
subjective
39.2%(134/341)
51.3%(175/341)
Response pairs: 865   p-value: < 0.001
Moral judgment:cognitivism0.32
cognitivism non-cognitivism
objective
86.7%(333/384)
9.6%(37/384)
subjective
56.8%(190/334)
33.8%(113/334)
Response pairs: 844   p-value: < 0.001
Abstract objects:Platonism0.253
nominalism Platonism
objective
28.7%(112/389)
62.4%(243/389)
subjective
51.4%(178/346)
38.4%(133/346)
Response pairs: 864   p-value: < 0.001
Laws of nature:non-Humean0.228
non-Humean Humean
objective
71.5%(271/379)
20.3%(77/379)
subjective
52.1%(173/332)
39.7%(132/332)
Response pairs: 833   p-value: < 0.001
not Normative ethics:consequentialism0.204
consequentialism not consequentialism
objective
20.1%(71/353)
70.8%(250/353)
subjective
37.9%(117/308)
46.4%(143/308)
Response pairs: 772   p-value: < 0.001
Knowledge:rationalism0.194
rationalism empiricism
objective
44.8%(179/399)
33.5%(134/399)
subjective
27.9%(98/351)
52.9%(186/351)
Response pairs: 884   p-value: < 0.001
Mind:non-physicalism0.193
physicalism non-physicalism
objective
49.7%(200/402)
39.3%(158/402)
subjective
68.3%(240/351)
21.3%(75/351)
Response pairs: 885   p-value: < 0.001
Metaphilosophy:non-naturalism0.188
non-naturalism naturalism
objective
38.4%(144/375)
47.7%(179/375)
subjective
19.7%(65/329)
68%(224/329)
Response pairs: 828   p-value: < 0.001
God:theism0.173
theism atheism
objective
21.8%(88/402)
70.1%(282/402)
subjective
8.9%(31/348)
84.7%(295/348)
Response pairs: 883   p-value: < 0.001
Free will:libertarianism0.157
libertarianism not libertarianism
objective
21.8%(86/393)
72.5%(285/393)
subjective
7.3%(25/341)
83.8%(286/341)
Response pairs: 866   p-value: < 0.001
Moral motivation:externalism0.154
externalism internalism
objective
47.2%(162/343)
38.1%(131/343)
subjective
32.5%(96/295)
53.2%(157/295)
Response pairs: 745   p-value: < 0.001
Time:A-theory0.153
A-theory B-theory
objective
37%(94/254)
41.7%(106/254)
subjective
23.6%(54/228)
51.7%(118/228)
Response pairs: 563   p-value: < 0.001
Normative ethics:deontology0.152
deontology not deontology
objective
40.2%(142/353)
50.7%(179/353)
subjective
20.7%(64/308)
63.6%(196/308)
Response pairs: 772   p-value: < 0.001
Science:scientific realism0.149
scientific realism scientific anti-realism
objective
83.6%(333/398)
10.5%(42/398)
subjective
72.8%(252/346)
19.9%(69/346)
Response pairs: 874   p-value: < 0.001
Knowledge claims:invariantism0.132
invariantism not invariantism
objective
45.7%(163/356)
46%(164/356)
subjective
29.6%(90/304)
60.8%(185/304)
Response pairs: 776   p-value: < 0.001
not Knowledge claims:relativism0.131
relativism not relativism
objective
1.4%(5/356)
90.4%(322/356)
subjective
6.5%(20/304)
83.8%(255/304)
Response pairs: 776   p-value: < 0.001
not Free will:no free will0.124
no free will free will
objective
9.9%(39/393)
84.4%(332/393)
subjective
17.5%(60/341)
73.6%(251/341)
Response pairs: 866   p-value: < 0.001
A priori knowledge:yes0.117
no yes
objective
16.6%(67/402)
79.3%(319/402)
subjective
23.5%(82/348)
66.3%(231/348)
Response pairs: 884   p-value: < 0.001
Perceptual experience:disjunctivism0.115
disjunctivism not disjunctivism
objective
18.5%(60/324)
68.2%(221/324)
subjective
10.1%(27/266)
75.9%(202/266)
Response pairs: 692   p-value: 0.002
not Perceptual experience:representationalism0.101
representationalism not representationalism
objective
37.3%(121/324)
49.3%(160/324)
subjective
47.3%(126/266)
38.7%(103/266)
Response pairs: 692   p-value: 0.007
not External world:skepticism0.1
skepticism not skepticism
objective
3.9%(16/402)
94%(378/402)
subjective
7.1%(25/351)
88.3%(310/351)
Response pairs: 884   p-value: 0.002
Truth:correspondence0.098
correspondence not correspondence
objective
60.8%(232/381)
33.8%(129/381)
subjective
51%(169/331)
42.2%(140/331)
Response pairs: 831   p-value: 0.004
External world:non-skeptical realism0.098
non-skeptical realism not non-skeptical realism
objective
86%(346/402)
11.9%(48/402)
subjective
79.7%(280/351)
15.6%(55/351)
Response pairs: 884   p-value: 0.003
Mental content:externalism0.094
internalism externalism
objective
24.1%(91/377)
64.4%(243/377)
subjective
31.1%(102/327)
53.8%(176/327)
Response pairs: 829   p-value: 0.006
Logic:classical0.093
non-classical classical
objective
19.3%(69/356)
67.6%(241/356)
subjective
29.8%(93/312)
56%(175/312)
Response pairs: 782   p-value: 0.009
not Truth:deflationary0.082
deflationary not deflationary
objective
23%(88/381)
71.6%(273/381)
subjective
29.3%(97/331)
64%(212/331)
Response pairs: 831   p-value: 0.018
Trolley problem:don't switch0.08
switch don't switch
objective
72.8%(277/380)
15.5%(59/380)
subjective
76.8%(253/329)
7.9%(26/329)
Response pairs: 837   p-value: 0.02
Normative ethics:virtue ethics0.071
virtue ethics not virtue ethics
objective
24.9%(88/353)
66%(233/353)
subjective
18.1%(56/308)
66.2%(204/308)
Response pairs: 772   p-value: 0.048
not Truth:epistemic0.07
epistemic not epistemic
objective
6.8%(26/381)
87.9%(335/381)
subjective
9%(30/331)
84.2%(279/331)
Response pairs: 831   p-value: 0.043
Proper names:Millian0.064
Fregean Millian
objective
34.1%(116/340)
53.2%(181/340)
subjective
40.1%(120/299)
43.1%(129/299)
Response pairs: 754   p-value: 0.079
Analytic-synthetic distinction:yes0.053
yes no
objective
69%(279/404)
26.4%(107/404)
subjective
64.1%(224/349)
31.2%(109/349)
Response pairs: 886   p-value: 0.114
not Knowledge claims:contextualism0.053
contextualism not contextualism
objective
43.5%(155/356)
48.3%(172/356)
subjective
51.9%(158/304)
38.4%(117/304)
Response pairs: 776   p-value: 0.14
External world:idealism0.052
idealism not idealism
objective
6.4%(26/402)
91.5%(368/402)
subjective
2.5%(9/351)
92.8%(326/351)
Response pairs: 884   p-value: 0.122
Perceptual experience:qualia theory0.051
qualia theory not qualia theory
objective
19.1%(62/324)
67.5%(219/324)
subjective
13.1%(35/266)
72.9%(194/266)
Response pairs: 692   p-value: 0.18

Philosophical orientation

Answer Corrrelation coefficient
not xian:Hume0.151
Hume not Hume
objective
10%(41/406)
89.9%(365/406)
subjective
22%(78/354)
77.9%(276/354)
Response pairs: 895   p-value: < 0.001
xian:Aristotle0.129
Aristotle not Aristotle
objective
16.5%(67/406)
83.4%(339/406)
subjective
9.3%(33/354)
90.6%(321/354)
Response pairs: 895   p-value: < 0.001
not xian:Carnap0.103
Carnap not Carnap
objective
2.2%(9/406)
97.7%(397/406)
subjective
7.3%(26/354)
92.6%(328/354)
Response pairs: 895   p-value: 0.002
AOS:Ancient Greek Philosophy0.099
Ancient Greek Philosophy not Ancient Greek Philosophy
objective
9.1%(37/406)
90.8%(369/406)
subjective
3.9%(14/354)
96%(340/354)
Response pairs: 895   p-value: 0.003
AOS:Philosophy of Religion0.099
Philosophy of Religion not Philosophy of Religion
objective
7.6%(31/406)
92.3%(375/406)
subjective
2.8%(10/354)
97.1%(344/354)
Response pairs: 895   p-value: 0.003
not AOS:Philosophy of Physical Science0.095
Philosophy of Physical Science not Philosophy of Physical Science
objective
4.6%(19/406)
95.3%(387/406)
subjective
8.7%(31/354)
91.2%(323/354)
Response pairs: 895   p-value: 0.004
AOS:Social and Political Philosophy0.083
Social and Political Philosophy not Social and Political Philosophy
objective
14%(57/406)
85.9%(349/406)
subjective
7.6%(27/354)
92.3%(327/354)
Response pairs: 895   p-value: 0.012
xian:Plato0.083
Plato not Plato
objective
5.6%(23/406)
94.3%(383/406)
subjective
2.5%(9/354)
97.4%(345/354)
Response pairs: 895   p-value: 0.012
not xian:Quine0.074
Quine not Quine
objective
4.9%(20/406)
95%(386/406)
subjective
8.4%(30/354)
91.5%(324/354)
Response pairs: 895   p-value: 0.026
AOS:Normative Ethics0.072
Normative Ethics not Normative Ethics
objective
18.4%(75/406)
81.5%(331/406)
subjective
11.2%(40/354)
88.7%(314/354)
Response pairs: 895   p-value: 0.031
not AOS:Decision Theory0.071
Decision Theory not Decision Theory
objective
2.2%(9/406)
97.7%(397/406)
subjective
5%(18/354)
94.9%(336/354)
Response pairs: 895   p-value: 0.033
xian:Moore0.067
Moore not Moore
objective
4.4%(18/406)
95.5%(388/406)
subjective
1.9%(7/354)
98%(347/354)
Response pairs: 895   p-value: 0.045
not AOS:Continental Philosophy0.067
Continental Philosophy not Continental Philosophy
objective
1.9%(8/406)
98%(398/406)
subjective
4.2%(15/354)
95.7%(339/354)
Response pairs: 895   p-value: 0.045
not AOS:General Philosophy of Science0.064
General Philosophy of Science not General Philosophy of Science
objective
8.1%(33/406)
91.8%(373/406)
subjective
12.1%(43/354)
87.8%(311/354)
Response pairs: 895   p-value: 0.055
xian:Locke0.056
Locke not Locke
objective
4.6%(19/406)
95.3%(387/406)
subjective
3.3%(12/354)
96.6%(342/354)
Response pairs: 895   p-value: 0.094
AOS:Aesthetics0.054
Aesthetics not Aesthetics
objective
4.6%(19/406)
95.3%(387/406)
subjective
2.5%(9/354)
97.4%(345/354)
Response pairs: 895   p-value: 0.106
not xian:Lewis0.053
Lewis not Lewis
objective
6.6%(27/406)
93.3%(379/406)
subjective
10.1%(36/354)
89.8%(318/354)
Response pairs: 895   p-value: 0.113
AOS:Metaphysics0.051
Metaphysics not Metaphysics
objective
28%(114/406)
71.9%(292/406)
subjective
23.1%(82/354)
76.8%(272/354)
Response pairs: 895   p-value: 0.127
not xian:Heidegger0.051
Heidegger not Heidegger
objective
0.9%(4/406)
99%(402/406)
subjective
1.9%(7/354)
98%(347/354)
Response pairs: 895   p-value: 0.127

Background questions

Answer Corrrelation coefficient
not nationality_region:Europe0.121
Europe not Europe
objective
8.3%(34/406)
91.6%(372/406)
subjective
18%(64/354)
81.9%(290/354)
Response pairs: 895   p-value: < 0.001
phd_region:United Kingdom0.082
United Kingdom not United Kingdom
objective
15.5%(63/406)
84.4%(343/406)
subjective
9.8%(35/354)
90.1%(319/354)
Response pairs: 895   p-value: 0.014
not affil:region:Australasia0.076
Australasia not Australasia
objective
3.2%(13/406)
96.7%(393/406)
subjective
7%(25/354)
92.9%(329/354)
Response pairs: 895   p-value: 0.022
not affil:region:Europe0.073
Europe not Europe
objective
5.1%(21/406)
94.8%(385/406)
subjective
10.1%(36/354)
89.8%(318/354)
Response pairs: 895   p-value: 0.028
not phd_region:Europe0.064
Europe not Europe
objective
3.6%(15/406)
96.3%(391/406)
subjective
7.3%(26/354)
92.6%(328/354)
Response pairs: 895   p-value: 0.055
affil:region:United Kingdom0.061
United Kingdom not United Kingdom
objective
22.1%(90/406)
77.8%(316/406)
subjective
17.2%(61/354)
82.7%(293/354)
Response pairs: 895   p-value: 0.068
nationality_region:United Kingdom0.055
United Kingdom not United Kingdom
objective
18.4%(75/406)
81.5%(331/406)
subjective
14.6%(52/354)
85.3%(302/354)
Response pairs: 895   p-value: 0.1