This study is the first comprehensive analysis of the physical theory of the Islamic philosopher Avicenna (d. 1037). It seeks to understand his contribution against the developments within the preceding Greek and Arabic intellectual milieus, and to appreciate his philosophy as such by emphasising his independence as a critical and systematic thinker. Exploring Avicenna’s method of "teaching and learning," it investigates the implications of his account of the natural body as a three-dimensionally extended composite of matter and form, and examines (...) his views on nature as a principle of motion and his analysis of its relation to soul. Moreover, it demonstrates how Avicenna defends the Aristotelian conception of place against the strident criticism of his predecessors, among other things, by disproving the existence of void and space. Finally, it sheds new light on Avicenna’s account of the essence and the existence of time. For the first time taking into account the entire range of Avicenna’s major writings, this study fills a gap in our understanding both of the history of natural philosophy in general and of the philosophy of Avicenna in particular. (shrink)

This study is the first comprehensive analysis of the physical theory of the Islamic philosopher Avicenna (d. 1037). It seeks to understand his contribution against the developments within the preceding Greek and Arabic intellectual milieus, and to appreciate his philosophy as such by emphasising his independence as a critical and systematic thinker. Exploring Avicenna’s method of "teaching and learning," it investigates the implications of his account of the natural body as a three-dimensionally extended composite of matter and form, and examines (...) his views on nature as a principle of motion and his analysis of its relation to soul. Moreover, it demonstrates how Avicenna defends the Aristotelian conception of place against the strident criticism of his predecessors, among other things, by disproving the existence of void and space. Finally, it sheds new light on Avicenna’s account of the essence and the existence of time. For the first time taking into account the entire range of Avicenna’s major writings, this study fills a gap in our understanding both of the history of natural philosophy in general and of the philosophy of Avicenna in particular. (shrink)

This paper traces the reception of the Aristotelian definition of time from its earliest to its most authoritative interpretations, and describes how their readings pave the way for a sophisticated amalgamation of divergent Aristotelian and Platonic elements in the temporal theory of Avicenna. The focus of attention lies on specific perceptions of the relation between time and motion, more precisely on the contrary descriptions of time as the measure of motion and motion as the measure of time. The latter leads (...) to a conception of time as a universal self-subsisting substance beyond all measure, and the former to an understanding of time as an accident providing all motion with its particular measure. It is the antagonism between these two conceptions, both inherent in the Arabic term miqdār at the heart of Avicenna’s definition of time, which arguably informs the Latin tradition and thereby also shapes the early modern contrast between objective and subjective theories of time. (shrink)

This volume brings together, for the first time, experts on Greek, Syriac, and Arabic traditions of doxography, in order to investigate and present shared contexts and questions, and to initiate future collaboration among the fields of classics, Arabic studies, and the history of philosophy.

Die Herausgeber der Reihe Traditio Praesocratica haben es sich zum Ziel gesetzt, das Überlieferungswissen zu den sogenannten vorsokratischen Philosophen in möglichster Vollständigkeit in Text und Übersetzung darzustellen. Der rezeptionsgeschichtliche Blickpunkt des Unternehmens erklärt die – im Vergleich zu den meisten anderen vorliegenden Sammlungen zu den Vorsokratikern – chronologische Anordnung der in ihren jeweiligen Überlieferungskontext eingeordneten Zeugnisse. Im vierten Band der Reihe werden nun die griechisch, lateinisch und arabisch überlieferten Zeugnisse vom vierten Jahrhundert v. Chr. bis ins ausgehende Mittelalter hinein zu (...) Leben und Lehre der drei westgriechischen Philosophen Alkmaion, Hippon und Menestor in chronologischer Anordnung und mit deutscher Übersetzung wiedergegeben. Während Alkmaion aus Kroton vor allem durch seine sinnesphysiologischen, möglicherweise empirisch begründeten Theorien Aufmerksamkeit in der weiteren Rezeptionsgeschichte erregte, fand Hippon aufgrund seines Beinamens 'der Gottlose' immer wieder das Interesse späterer Autoren. Menestor aus Sybaris hingegen kennen wir fast nur aus Theophrasts botanischen Werken, der in ihm einen gelegentlich zitierfähigen Vorgänger seiner eigenen entsprechenden Forschungen sah. Alle Zeugnisse werden im Sinne der Reihe mit einer kurzen kontextuellen Information zu dem jeweils überliefernden Autor und dem betreffenden Werk, in dem sich das Zeugnis findet, versehen. Außerdem werden den Zeugnissen thematisch orientierte 'Similien' beigegeben, die zur besseren Orientierung der Überlieferungs- bzw. Rezeptionszusammenhänge dienen sollen. Ausführliche Indices beschließen den Band. Dem Studium der vorsokratischen Philosophie wird damit ein weiterer Grundlagenband zur Verfügung gestellt, der einen umfassenden Blick nicht nur in Hinsicht auf die Rekonstruktion von Leben und Lehre der betreffenden Denker, sondern auch und vor allem in Hinsicht auf deren Rezeption ermöglicht. (shrink)

Review by ANDREAS LAMMER Universität Trier, DE [email protected].

The Creation of Philosophical Tradition: Biography and the Reception of Avicenna’s Philosophy from the Eleventh to the Fourteenth Century A.D. By Ahmed H. al-Rahim. Diskurse der Arabistik, vol. 21. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2018. Pp. xviii + 218. €42.

Name der Zeitschrift: Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie Jahrgang: 101 Heft: 3 Seiten: 471-476.