What is the relation of creationism to religion? Neither creationism nor evolutionism has a direct relation to religion, serving only as a basis for strengthening or weakening the positions of religion. Building a religion on this stand is a very separate thing. Therefore, it is not possible to criticize the proponents of reforming the textbooks of the "effort to disguise the discipleship of religion in the mind of the disciples," because then the symmetrical can be the proponents of the non-reformation (...) - the "effort to disguise the atheism in the disciples' minds.". (shrink)

Two centuries after they were published, Kant's ethical writings are as much admired and imitated as they have ever been, yet serious and long-standing accusations of internal incoherence remain unresolved. Onora O'Neill traces the alleged incoherences to attempts to assimilate Kant's ethical writings to modern conceptions of rationality, action and rights. When the temptation to assimilate is resisted, a strikingly different and more cohesive account of reason and morality emerges. Kant offers a "constructivist" vindication of reason and a moral vision (...) in which obligations are prior to rights and in which justice and virtue are linked. O'Neill begins by reconsidering Kant's conceptions of philosophical method, reason, freedom, autonomy and action. She then moves on to the more familiar terrain of interpretation of the Categorical Imperative, while in the last section she emphasizes differences between Kant's ethics and recent "Kantian" ethics, including the work of John Rawls and other contemporary liberal political philosophers. (shrink)

This article presents normative information for the Defining Issue Test Version 2 (DIT2) schema scores and most common summary scores based on secondary data from the last 10 years DIT2 database (N = 73740, Mage = 23.11, SD = 7.87, the age range in year = 12–95) maintained by the University of Alabama’s Center for the Study of Ethical Development from 2011 to 2020. More specifically, the study provides (1) norms by education; (2) norms by gender and education; and (3) (...) norms by gender and age for the DIT2. The norms indicate a general but not consistent trend that moral reasoning scores increase by education level. Additionally, the Personal Interest and Maintain Norms scores are higher for males than females for all education levels and age groups while Postconventional, N2, and Type indicator scores are higher for females than males for all education levels and age groups. (shrink)

In the article by Vita Titarenko «Experience and prospects of religious organizations in Ukraine: prisma of independence» on the basis of the analysis of the newest sociological researches the features of the post-Soviet religious society in Ukraine are considered. The formation of a specific model of religiosity of modern Ukrainian society, its new value matrix is noted. The distinctive characteristic is the nonconfessional self-determination of Ukrainians, the development of extra-religious religiosity during complex socio-political events in the country, the formation of (...) such a phenomenon as a civil religion and a civil "ecclesia". (shrink)

Two centuries after they were published, Kant's ethical writings are as much admired and imitated as they have ever been, yet serious and long-standing accusations of internal incoherence remain unresolved. Onora O'Neill traces the alleged incoherences to attempt to assimilate Kant's ethical writings to modern conceptions of rationality, action and rights. When the temptation to assimilate is resisted, a strikingly different and more cohesive account of reason and morality emerges. Kant offers a `constructivist' vindication of reason and a moral vision (...) in which obligations are prior to rights and in which justice and virtue are linked. O'Neill begins by reconsidering Kant's conceptions of philosophical method, reason, freedom, automony and action. She then moves on to the more familiar terrain of interpretation of the Categorical Imperative, while in the last section she emphasises differences between Kant's ethics and recent 'Kantian' ethics, including the work of John Rawls and other contemporary liberal political philosophers. This reassessment will add significantly to the understanding of Kantian practical philosophy. (shrink)

A good deal of attention has been given in recent philosophy of religion to the question of whether we can sensibly attribute to God a form of knowledge which the 16th-century Jesuit theologian Luis de Molina termed "middle knowledge". Interest in the doctrine has been spurred by a recognition of its intimate connection to certain conceptions of providence, prophecy, and response to petitionary prayer. According to defenders of the doctrine, which I will call "Molinism", the objects of middle knowledge are (...) all the true counterfactuals of the form, 'If C were to occur, then S would freely do A', where C specifies a particular set of circumstances. (Such propositions are usually referred to as "counterfactuals of freedom" - hereafter "CFs".)' I will try to assess the current status of two distinct questions: (1) Are there true CFs? and (2) Could God know true CFs if there are any? Obviously, Molinism must answer both questions affirmatively. Most of the discussion has focused on the first question. I hope to show that this approach has been a dialectical mistake on the part of critics of Molinism, for the difficulties of giving an affirmative answer to question (2) are, I believe, far easier to state clearly and convincingly. (shrink)

The article is devoted to the philosophy of cosmology, its history and contemporary conditions, the tradition of studying and modern trends in teaching this discipline in higher education in Ukraine. There is problem of defining the subject of philosophy of cosmology, there are similar and different motifs with modern astrophysics, cosmology on the one hand, and, with the history of philosophy and modern philosophy on the other hand. The change in the subject of the philosophy of cosmology in the history (...) of philosophy and science has been studied in this article. A modern state of the philosophy of cosmology in modern philosophical education is demonstrated. (shrink)

While most business ethics texts focus exclusively on individual decision making--what should an individual do--this resource presents the whole business ethics story. Highly realistic, readable, and down-to-earth, it moves from the individual to the managerial to the organizational level, focusing on business ethics in an organizational context to promote an understanding of complex influences on behavior. The new Fifth Edition is the perfect text for students entering the workplace, those seeking to become professionals in training, communications, compliance, in addition to (...) chief ethics officers, corporate counsel, heads of human resources, and senior executives. (shrink)

The phenomenon of action in which the mind moves the body has puzzled philosophers over the centuries. In this new edition of a classic work of analytical philosophy, Brian O'Shaughnessy investigates bodily action and attempts to resolve some of the main problems. His expanded and updated discussion examines the scope of the will and the conditions in which it makes contact with the body, and investigates the epistemology of the body. He sheds light upon the strangely intimate relation of awareness (...) in which we stand to our own bodies, doing so partly through appeal to the concept of the body-image. The result is a new and strengthened emphasis on the vitally important function of the bodily will as a transparently intelligible bridge between mind and body, and the proposal of a dual aspect theory of the will. (shrink)

1 The Platonic and Christian Ulysses JEAN PEPIN i PHILOSOPHOS ODYSSEUS1 Several philosophical schools in antiquity made use of the figure of Ulysses. ...

The Language Dynamic identifies a number of mechanisms that enable the meaning potential of language from the phoneme through grammar and discourse and onto ideological systems. This book, which underpins functional theories of language with concepts from biological and cultural evolution, social semiotics and systems theory, is relevant to all who are interested in how and why we can mean and what it means for us as humans to be semiotic agents.

This volume is a collection of 16 essays, old and new, relating history and exegesis in the writings of Bede and Adomnán, and in the lives of Thomas Becket. The first part consists of seven studies of Bede's writings, notably his biblical commentaries and his Ecclesiastical History. Two of the essays are published here for the first time. The five studies in the second part, devoted to Adomnán, discuss his life of Saint Columba (the Vita Columbae) and his guide to (...) the Holy Places (De locis sanctis). One essay ('The Bible as Map'), published posthumously, compares his presentation of a major theme, the earthly and heavenly Jerusalem, with the approach adopted by Bede. The third section consists of two essays on the lives of Thomas Becket that were composed shortly after his death. They examine, in the context of patristic exegesis, the biblical images invoked in the texts in order to show how the saint's biographers understood the complex relationship between hagiography and history. With the exception of the Jarrow Lecture on Bede and the essays on Becket, the studies in both parts were published originally in edited books, some of them now hard to come by. (shrink)

The phenomenon of charismatization, which has intensified on the territory of Ukraine since the independence of Ukraine, is constantly in the field of view of religious scholars. Unusual forms of worship, critical articles in the media, as a result, the formation of negative public opinion - all this led to an impartial, unbiased, objective study of this phenomenon by scientists.

Non-traditional religious entities are no longer a marvel on the territory of Ukraine. Some are on the margins, and some, including non-Christians, are quite active and talkative. Non-Christianity in religious literature means those religious trends that occur within traditional Christianity, modernizing it in the context of secularization of social consciousness, scientific and technological and information revolution, social and ecological cataclysms, and offering to man a spiritual and fundamental basis, which is a spiritual and spiritual basis, a world of answers to (...) constant existential inquiries. (shrink)

Let us analyze the latest religious entities in the paradigm context of mass culture, and find out the place and role of modern religiosity among the cultural phenomena of today. In order to answer the question: "Can new religious entities be considered a form of mass culture?", One should first of all analyze briefly the phenomenon of mass culture, its nature, its genesis, the tasks it solves, the methods it uses, and its practical manifestations. Since "mass culture" is a term (...) used in contemporary cultural studies, the question in this perspective has not yet become an object of religious reflection. (shrink)

Religion as a complex socio-cultural phenomenon, which is inherent in the history of mankind at all stages of its development, cannot lie apart from global human processes. In the context of changing paradigms of human thinking, mass secularization of social consciousness, scientific and technological and information revolution, social and ecological cataclysms, modern Christianity is forced to answer "the challenge of time", to seek and offer man such spiritual grounds of his life that will help him to find answers existential inquiries (...) in a rapidly changing world. (shrink)

Religion as a social and spiritual phenomenon in its functional manifestation responds to various human needs, while satisfying, above all, those spiritual needs that can not satisfy any other social phenomenon. Religion, however, appears as a certain qualitative certainty characterizing the ability and ability to satisfy the vital needs of man, religious communities and society, and helping a believer in comprehending the inner essence of the world in his transcendental co-ordinates, posing a "normative and content quintessence of experience", inherent in (...) this social phenomenon. overcoming suffering, life problems, and also contributes to the awareness of the meaning and significance of earthly life as a believer in the perspective of "the last reality". (shrink)

This article explores the role of language and ideology in Soviet philosophy and education. The author argues that the Soviet regime deliberately used philosophy as a tool for manipulation, with the aim of creating a common understanding that Marxism and Leninism are the only true doctrines of philosophy. The course of philosophy was mandatory at all levels of education and was fully standardized, with a focus on scientific grounds that only Marxist philosophy was valid. The article also highlights the role (...) of language in the Soviet language lockdown policy, where the Russian language was prioritized as the primary language of education and science, suppressing national languages and cultures of member countries. Furthermore, translations of key philosophical texts were selectively done, presenting only those texts that did not touch upon political or religious issues. The article concludes that the oppressive language and ideology practices in Soviet philosophy had a significant impact on the intellectual and cultural development of the Soviet Union and its member countries. (shrink)

From ancient times people wanted to know their future, and hence there was a need for predictions, predictions, prophecies, insights, and so on. In the most general way, the desire to answer the questions of future events is likely to be that without forecasts and attempts to look into the future in general, it is impossible to social development of man and society, since knowledge of the future course of events allows a person to correctly select the goals and objectives (...) for their activities in the present, to achieve the fulfillment of these goals, and thus to create, model their future. (shrink)

The main purpose of Christian social teaching is to form a person's Christian outlook, to provide the Christian with answers to the questions of the present and specific recommendations regarding the model of behavior in different situations in life. In its turn, social doctrine expresses a confessional perspective on the problems of modern life faced by believers. This view is formulated in special documents of denominations, the totality of which constitutes the "social doctrine of the Church".

The image of the future of religions is interesting to us not only and not so much that to a certain extent presupposes or corrects the future, but also that it characterizes the religious present in which it functions, in close connection with the existing society. Situational versus general change of emphasis in the forms of existence and / or functionality of religion is the result of interaction with society, its various spheres and man. The formation of the newest religious (...) needs, due to which the functionality of religion manifests itself, is a factor in the emergence of various quasi-religious and paranute teachings, coumaromania - as components of mass social mythology. Instead of "traditionally new" religious education, there are even more recent, such as the Church of Copimizma, Pastafarian, Jedi, various manifestations of quasi-religions, etc. (shrink)

The review reviews the monograph "The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in its history and present" by Professors A. Kolodnyi and L.Fylypovych.

It was more than a year, since our lovely and dear Natalochka Gavrilova left our lives. And still the throat is squeezed and tears are coming back when you remember about our colleague, a loyal friend, a devoted friend.... She achieved the goals.

The emergence and activity of neo-religious groups, to which we also refer to charismatic churches, is a manifestation of one of the global trends of modern religious life-traditional encounter with a new, still unknown. Therefore, it is quite natural that this contact within the framework of the modern charismatic movement - this complex, multifaceted phenomenon, requires a comprehensive study, in particular philosophical, sociological, religious, theological, etc. No less relevant is the psychological approach, due to the importance of personal religious experiences (...) in the life of the person. (shrink)

The article outlines the methodological problems of the philosophical and religious studies discourse of the forecast activity, considers the forecast as a specific type of knowledge, the subject-object interconnection of knowledge in the conditions of forecasting. The analysis of the activity of the cognitive activity of the subject required, in turn, to consider the principle of anthropy and the vector of time changes. The article deals with the problems of the objectivity of scientific analysis of religious reality. The article formulated (...) the scientific-categorical apparatus, which corresponds to the forecast activity in the religious sphere. Specifies and defines certain concepts that help to focus the perspective of religious studies and adequately isolate and predict the religious aspect of social life. (shrink)

Charismatism as a non-Christian movement has been known in the world since the mid-twentieth century. He came to Ukraine relatively recently, so it is a new phenomenon, unknown, which raises constant questions not only among ordinary people, but also among specialists. Due to its heterogeneity, diversity of forms, relative independence of organizational structures, charismaticism requires additional study. But there are some problems with the lack or insufficiency of factual material, such as objective statistics, social survey results, surveys, and more.

The paper interpreted religious communities participate in the formation of civil society as the space establishment of universal values. The author analyzes the degree of self-organization of society at this stage, its main objective characteristics and role of the religious factor.

Medicine is about caring for people. It is a moral enterprise, not simply a technique or a pursuit. Though modern healthcare offers an amazing array of options, it has also become a complex and sometimes utterly de-humanizing system. Now, more than ever, we need guidance to navigate through the issues surrounding our medical care. Advances in medical technology have blessed many with longer and healthier lives, but they have also provided us with interventions and procedures that call for serious ethical (...) evaluation. The BioBasics series is committed to an uncompromising respect for human life that will serve as a compass through a maze of challenging questions. (shrink)

The article proposes to deepen and expand the classical methodological approaches formulated at the beginning of the 21st century within the framework of academic religious studies. Based on the methodological works of the founder of modern Ukrainian religious studies, Prof. Kolodnyi, who first clearly defined the principles of the scientific study of religion, in particular objectivity, historicism, worldview neutrality, pluralism, etc., the authors justify the need for contextualization as one of the main methodological approaches in the study of current religious (...) processes. They insist on rethinking not only the universality and effectiveness of some methodological principles in new circumstances — the Russian-Ukrainian war, but also on the actualization of new ones, critically rethinking their neglect in the pre-war period. It is proved that in the hierar- chy of religious principles, the principle of contextuality becomes a particularly sought-after re- ality of Russia’s war against Ukraine. Even the concepts that researchers use describing a new religious situation must be contextualized. The authors remind about those contextual dangers for the life world of Ukraine that exist in its religious segment, highlighting external and internal factors that cannot be ignored when analyzing the contemporary religious situation in Ukraine and in the world. Analyzing the current reality, the authors conclude that contextuality as a methodological approach in religious studies should consider: 1) The event context — Russia’s military aggression against Ukraine — as a condition for the manifestation of religion, which determines its functional and substantive features; 2) Features, depth and intensity of research’s contextual inclusion/exclusion. Tragic changes in the context of the life of Ukrainians — linguistic, cultural, informational, religious, etc. necessarily correct expert neutrality, objectivity, non-involvement. According to the authors, the war situation liberates from an unbiased, out-of-contextual analysis. The admis- sibility of such contextualization is a matter of debate. (shrink)

Стаття присвячена переосмисленню методологічних підходів у релігієзнавчому розумінні релігії як цінності. Критичне ставлення до попереднього досвіду інтерпретації релігійного феномена дає можливість сприймати релігію як рівнопокладену цінність з іншими типами самоусвідомлення людини. До цього спонукає сам статус релігії у сучасному світі, який змінюється під впливом глобалізації і секуляризації. Однією з тенденцій цих процесів є відхід від обмежень «сектанства» і «націоналізму» в релігії до розширення меж розуміння духовності як універсальної релігійної цінності. У статті визначається цінність релігії в її онтологічному статусі, в її (...) екзистенційності, життєвості, вітальності, в епістемологічному навантаженні, праксеологічній запитуваності, есхатологічній перспективі та ієрархічній пріоритетності духовного начала, добра і гуманності. Виходячи з такого розуміння релігії, автори експлікують її у системі релігійних цінностей, що імплементуються у повсякденне життя послідовників певної релігії та взагалі всього суспільства. У статті наводяться матеріали соціологічних опитувань як на міжнародному і всеукраїнському рівнях, так і на локальному. (shrink)

The strongest version of the principle of the Identity of Indiscernibles states that of necessity, there are no distinct things with all their universals in common (where such putative haecceities as being Aristotle do not count as universals: I use 'universal' rather than 'property' here and in what follows for the simple reason that 'universal' is the term of art that most safely excludes haecceities from its instances). It is commonly supposed that Max Black's famous paper 'The identity of indiscernibles' (...) (2) refutes this thesis. (Armstong's [1], chapter 9 is representative here.) Black argues ([2], p. 156) that it is perfectly possible that there be a world consisting solely of two indiscernible spheres at some distance to each other and that this world constitutes a counterexample to the principle above. The strongest version of the bundle theory of substance claims that of necessity, the substances that make up the world are bundles of universals.1 It is commonly supposed that a consequence of Black's defeat of the principle of the Identity of Indiscernibles is that this bundle theory of substance is mistaken. (Again, Armstong's [1] is representative.) I shall argue that Black's thought experiment does not defeat the bundle theory and that, as a result, the bundle theory can be used to salvage the principle of the Identity of Indiscernibles. (shrink)

The twelve specially written essays in this volume investigate the neglected topic of mental action, and show its importance for the metaphysics, epistemology, and phenomenology of mind. The essays investigate what mental actions are, how we are aware of them, and what is the relationship between mental and physical action.

Providing a vibrant four-color design, market-leading BUSINESS ETHICS: ETHICAL DECISION MAKING AND CASES, Ninth Edition, thoroughly covers the complex environment in which managers confront ethical decision making. Using a proven managerial framework, this accessible, applied text addresses the overall concepts, processes, and best practices associated with successful business ethics programs--helping readers see how ethics can be integrated into key strategic business decisions. Thoroughly revised, the new ninth edition incorporates coverage of new legislation affecting business ethics, the most up-to-date examples, and (...) the best practices of high-profile organizations. It also includes 20 all-new or updated original case studies. (shrink)

The article is devoted to the philosophy of cosmology, its history and contemporary conditions, the tradition of studying and modern trends in teaching this discipline in higher education in Ukraine. There is problem of defining the subject of philosophy of cosmology, there are similar and different motifs with modern astrophysics, cosmology on the one hand, and, with the history of philosophy and modern philosophy on the other hand. The change in the subject of the philosophy of cosmology in the history (...) of philosophy and science has been studied in this article. A modern state of the philosophy of cosmology in modern philosophical education is demonstrated. (shrink)

Conventional wisdom suggests that the Platonist philosophers of Late Antiquity, from Plotinus (third century) to the sixth-century schools in Athens and Alexandria, neglected the political dimension of their Platonic heritage in their concentration on an otherworldly life. Dominic O'Meara presents a revelatory reappraisal of these thinkers, arguing that their otherworldliness involved rather than excluded political ideas, and he reconstructs for the first time a coherent political philosophy of Late Platonism.

Do you ever feel flawed, anxious, or afraid--like something might be wrong, but you're not sure what? The truth is, we all feel that way sometimes (or even most of the time!). We're trapped by a limited sense of self, held back by our own anxieties, fears, and compulsions. Mindfulness can offer intermittent relief from these contrived narratives, showing us how to be present, open, and available in the moment by observing our thoughts and feelings. This is all wonderful--until the (...) fears and doubts rush back in. How to Be a Spiritual Rebel offers more than simple mindfulness. Drawing on spiritual practices and recent findings in neuroscience, this groundbreaking guide will help you examine the psychological barriers that block your spiritual growth and keep you from embracing true liberation. You'll learn to cultivate courage, view your thoughts and feelings without letting them define you, and find guidance and support as you navigate the route to boundless freedom without fear or self-limiting attachments.If you're ready to take mindfulness--and spirituality--to the next level and experience true freedom and fulfillment, this candid, entertaining, and jargon-free guide will help point the way.--amazon.com. (shrink)

Contemporary African philosophy in indigenous African languages and English translation.

A globe-spanning investigation into the Transhumanist movement, considering the tech billionaires, scientific luminaries, and DIY body-hackers attempting to prolong, improve, and ultimately transcend the limits of human life.