Translated from the author's unpublished manuscript. Includes bibliographical references and index.

The H ∞ performance of a class of T-S fuzzy systems with Markovian-jump parameters is analyzed. A state feedback controller is designed for T-S fuzzy systems with Markovian-jump parameters. First, a new modal-dependent Lyapunov function composed of closed-loop functions is constructed, which can fully use system status information. Based on this function, the stability conditions with less conservatism are given by linear matrix inequalities. At the same time, a design algorithm for a state feedback controller is proposed for the Markovian-jump-parameters (...) T-S fuzzy systems, which ensures the system’s stability under the condition of H ∞ − γ performance. Simulation results demonstrate that the mentioned method is accurate and practical. (shrink)

BackgroundFamily consent is a prerequisite for the organ donation of the deceased in China. However, a large number of donors are individuals who died due to accidental injuries or unanticipated diseases, which means that most of the families of such donors have just experienced the sudden death of their loved one and have to make a donation decision in a short time. This decision may cause psychological stress and some psychological damage to the minds of relatives of the donors. In (...) addition, cultural sensitivity also has largely caused the relatives of donors inner conflicts and contradictions. And sometimes organ donation may still be stigmatized. However, have they received any emotional support and what is their emotional support needs are some questions that need to be answered. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the emotional support, influencing factors, and needs of the family members of organ donors in Hunan Province, China.Materials and methodsThis is mixed-methods research that combines quantitative and qualitative research methods. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 102 donor families using a questionnaire to investigate their emotional support status. To further understand their emotional support needs, 12 donor families participated in the semi-structured interview.ResultsThe results confirmed that: A total of 67.7% of the 102 respondents received emotional support or psychological comfort. Thus, only a small number of respondents felt respected by the public. Emotional support came mainly from immediate family members, and official organizations such as the Red Cross. Marital status, health status, occupation, and coping style can affect the emotional support of the donor families. Interview showed that the families of donors need emotional support and psychological aid from psychological professionals mostly. And they also wish to receive the understanding and respect of the public.ConclusionMost families of organ donors received emotional support from family, Red Cross, and friends, but only a minority of families of donors reported receiving respect from the public after the donation. And families of donor showed a strong need for emotional support and professional psychological aid from institutions. (shrink)

Resumo: Para Paul Auster, um quarto é, em essência, “a própria substância da solidão”, uma solidão espacialmente definida. Nesse sentido, o fenômeno transcendeu suas limitações físicas e assumiu significado existencial e filosófico. Em seus escritos, uma sala é, antes de tudo, um espaço arquitetônico que um escritor solitário ocupa; além disso, é metaforizado como a mente que é a sala - um espaço construído intelectualmente; e, por fim, é um lugar narrado em suas histórias, onde seus personagens meditam e compõem, (...) um espaço que existe em palavras. O artigo realiza estudos sobre os escritos da vida de Auster e uma de suas ficções, Homem no Escuro, para apresentar a complexidade das três formas de quartos solitários e sua mútua inclusão na solidão intersubjetiva. (shrink)

Without denying the importance of the postmodernist approach to the narrative form and rhetorical strategies of historiography, the author, one of Germany's ...

Wir leben in der Bundesrepublik begrifflich über unsere Verhältnisse. Wir stützen uns auf eine politische Selbstinterpretation, die sich schon als Theorie nicht halten lässt – das ist der Verdacht, der dieses Buch antreibt. Um ihn zu prüfen, untersucht der Philosoph Rüdiger Bittner fünf Begriffe, die für dies Selbstverständnis grundlegend sind, nämlich Freiheit, Menschenwürde, Menschenrechte, Gerechtigkeit und Demokratie. Dabei erweist sich der Verdacht als berechtigt: Unsere politische Existenz in der Bundesrepublik lässt sich unter diese Begriffe gar nicht oder nur unter radikal (...) zurückgeschnittene Versionen von ihnen fassen. Die Kritik zielt nicht darauf, dass die politische Praxis anders aussieht als die Theorie. Die Kritik ist, dass die Theorie, die sich auf die genannten Begriffe stützt, selbst nicht trägt. Demgemäß entwickelt das Buch nun in Grundzügen ein neues Selbstverständnis des politischen Lebens in diesem Staat, ein Selbstverständnis ohne die frommen Legenden der herrschenden politischen Philosophie. Beide, Kritik und neues Verständnis, wenden sich an alle, die sich über ihre politische Existenz in diesem Staat Rechenschaft geben wollen. (shrink)

I will assess earlier approaches to the morphology of the G-stem imperative in Semitic and mount a reconstruction that supports a specific set of disyllabic patterns for the imperative of the basic stem in Proto-Semitic, i.e., qutul, qitil, and qital. The most common process envisioned for the formation of the imperative is clipping from the prefix conjugation, but the most recent full treatment of the topic is Elitzur Bar-Asher Siegal’s revision and expansion of a century-old proposal that qatul, qatil, and (...) qital are the patterns of the imperative in Proto-Semitic. I refute both the clipping approach and Bar-Asher’s patterns in favor of qutul, qitil, and qital, which are the most economical and precise reconstruction in accounting for the realizations of the imperative in the various branches of Semitic. (shrink)

Why should we act morally? What justification is to be found in moral demands? This lucid, pithy, and eminently readable book examines the arguments in favor of the claims of moral demands to be found in contemporary ethical theory, arguments deriving from Kant's attempt to provide a foundation for morality.

This series aims at bridging the gap between historical theory and the study of historical memory as well as western and non-western concepts, for which this ...

Impurism says that practical factors encroach on knowledge. An important version of impurism is called ‘Threshold-Impurism,’ which says that practical factors encroach on the threshold that rational credence must pass in order for one to have knowledge. A prominent kind of argument for Threshold-Impurism is the so-called ‘principle-based argument,’ which relies on a principle of fallibilism and a knowledge-action principle. This paper offers a new challenge against Threshold-Impur- ism. I attempt to show that the two principles Threshold-Impurists are committed to—KJ (...) and Fallibilism—are jointly in tension with a widely-held principle of credence that’s called ‘Truth-Directedness,’ in the sense that the former two principles cannot both apply to those who know the third. This tension constitutes a serious challenge to Threshold-Impurists, because it leaves them two options, both of which are undesirable: denying Truth-Directedness, or accepting Truth-Directedness and accepting that whether KJ and Fallibilism apply to a person depends on whether she knows Truth-Directedness. (shrink)

>... ein Handbuch der meisten heute im christlich-jüdischen Verhältnis zu bearbeitenden Themen und Probleme... Und natürlich: ein vorzüglicher Kommentar zum Rosenzweig'schen Hauptwerk. - Franz Rosenzweig wird in dieser gut verständlichen Einführung erstmals als jüdischer Theologe gewürdigt. Eine Schatzkammer tut sich auf: die Bibel, das Judentum und seine Überlieferungen werden unverstellt beschrieben in ihrer Schönheit, Weite und Tiefe. Im Zentrum steht die Liebe zu Gott in einer Welt, die sich immer mehr säkularisiert, immer weltlicher.

In this volume, Peter Burke, a prominent "Western" historian, offers ten hypotheses that attempt to constitute specifically "Western Historical Thinking".

1 Grasping Properties I will present an argument for property dualism. The argument employs a distinction between having a concept of a property and grasping a property via a concept. If you grasp a property P via a concept C, then C is a concept of P. But the reverse does not hold: you may have a concept of a property without grasping that property via any concept. If you grasp a property, then your cognitive relation to that property is (...) more intimate then if you just have some concept or other of that property. To grasp a property is to understand what having that property essentially consists in. (shrink)

What exactly are the reasons we do things, and how are they related to the resulting actions? Bittner explores this question and proposes an answer: a reason is a response to that state of affairs. Elegantly written, this work is a substantial contribution to the fields of rationality, ethics, and action theory.

Enthält: Beiträge des Workshops Rational Choice, der im Rahmen des 1. Analyomen-Kongresses vom 9.-12.10.1991 in Saarbrücken stattfand.

Die in diesem Band vereinigten Beiträge stellen einen interdisziplinären Zusammenhang her, der eine komplexe Perspektive auf das Thema "Geschichtsbewusstsein" eröffnet. Es geht hier um das Ensemble mentaler Operationen, die das Geschichtsbewusstsein als zentrales Phänomen menschlicher Subjektivität ausmachen. Im Mittelpunkt stehen seine kulturellen Funktionen zur Orientierung der menschlichen Lebenspraxis. Psychologische, linguistische und geschichtliche Analysen verbinden sich mit theoretischen Entwürfen, die die Leistung der Zeitdeutung und Identitätsbildung umfassend explizieren. Die theoretischen Analysen des Bewusstseins von Geschichte stehen jedoch nicht allein, sondern werden auf (...) konkrete Phänomene und auf systematisch angelegte empirische Untersuchungen bezogen. (shrink)

Essays discuss critical theory, the nature of philosophy, logic, science, discovery, practical reason, and historical action.

Die in diesem Band enthaltenen Essays befassen sich mit drei ethischen Themenbereichen: ethische Begründungsfragen, das Verhältnis von Rationalität und Moral und Probleme der angewandten Ethik. Nida-Rümelin vertritt eine kohärentistische Ethikkonzeption, die sich sowohl vom Utilitarismus (Konsequentialismus) absetzt als auch einen überzogenen Rationalismus deontologischer Prägung vermeidet. Dieser Band enthält auch eine ausführliche Dokumentation der aktuellen Debatte über Nida-Rümelins Thesen zu gegenwärtigen Fragen der Ethik.

Enthält: "Historisches Denken als Trauerarbeit - Jacob Burckhardts Antwort auf eine Frage unserer Zeit" (S. 73-95).

Islamic philosophy; Arab countries; intellectuals and intellectual life.