Abstract

This article explores the intellectual achievements of prominent scholars from Movarounnahr (Transoxiana) and Khurasan during the Islamic Golden Age (9th-12th centuries). It highlights the contributions of scholars such as Al-Farabi, Avicenna, Al-Biruni, Al-Khwarizmi, Omar Khayyam, and Al-Ghazali in diverse fields including philosophy, science, medicine, mathematics, and literature. These scholars played pivotal roles in preserving and advancing ancient knowledge, integrating Hellenistic traditions with Islamic thought, and shaping the intellectual landscape of their era. Through their groundbreaking works, they facilitated cross-cultural exchange and laid the foundation for subsequent developments in both the Islamic world and Europe. Their enduring legacies underscore the transformative impact of intellectual curiosity and the pursuit of knowledge across civilizations during a pivotal period in history.