Orations of the Fatimid Caliphs: Festival Sermons of the Ismaili Imams. Ed. and tr. Paul E. Walker. Ismaili Texts and Translations Series, vol. 10. London: I. B. Tauris, with the Institute of Ismaili Studies, 2009. Pp. xvii + 162 + 58. £29.50, $51.29.

Cette étude a pour but d'établir en quoi consiste l'éthique plotinienne en analysant la figure du sage, le spoudaios, dans les "Ennéades", en particulier dans le traité I, 4 [46].

This conceptual paper revisits the concept of equality as a base of distributive justice and contends that it is underspecified, both theoretically and in terms of its ethical and pragmatic application to human resource management (HRM) within organizations. Prior organizational literature focuses primarily upon distributive equality of remunerative outcomes within small groups and implicitly employs an equity-based conception of inputs to define equality. In contrast, through exposition of the philosophical roots of equality principles, we reconceptualize inputs as de facto equal (...) and consider the systemic application of distributive equality in the form of status leveling practices. Ethical ramifications of distributive equality so viewed are explored. We conclude by arguing that, to implicitly insert a stronger ethics focus into the study and practice of HRM, perhaps there should be "equality theory" competing with equity theory for recognition in managerial and scholarly discourse. (shrink)

Resumen: El siguiente artículo expone las teorías de Karl Jaspers y Kent Wilber respecto a la posibilidad de una conciencia que accede a la totalidad del ser. Si bien la pregunta por el ser responde a una búsqueda filosófica, ambos autores son referentes en el campo de la salud mental. Para ello, se tomaron algunos textos de referencia, desde los cuales fue posible identificar las distintas etapas establecidas por los autores hacia la consciencia plena, además de algunas semejanzas y diferencias (...) teóricas que pudiesen presentar. De esta manera, la pregunta por la participación en el ser, como los estados de consciencia, permiten una mayor comprensión del ser humano y un intercambio fructífero entre la filosofía y las distintas disciplinas de la salud mental.: The following article exposes the theories of Karl Jaspers and Kent Wilber regarding the possibility of a consciousness that accesses the totality of being. Although the question of being responds to a philosophical search, both authors are referents in the field of mental health. For them, some reference texts were taken, from which it was possible to identify the different stages established by the authors towards full consciousness, as well as some similarities and theoretical differences that they could present. In this way, the question of participation in being, such as states of consciousness, allows a greater understanding of the human being and a fruitful exchange between philosophy and the different disciplines of mental health. (shrink)

This paper investigates the ethical implications of research at the interface between biodiversity and both human and animal health. Health and sanitary crises often lead to ethical debates, especially when it comes to disruptive interventions such as forced vaccinations, quarantine, or mass culling of domestic or wild animals. In such debates, the emergence of a “Planetary health ethics” can be highlighted. Ethics and accountability principles apply to all aspects of scientific research including its technological and engineering applications, regardless of whether (...) they are considered “hard sciences”, such as state-of-the-art technology in the fields of medicine, veterinary medicine, agronomy, or environment, or “soft”, such as local or global governance, health, socio-ecosystems, and the environment. Ethical reflection in the interdisciplinary field of biodiversity and health requires the examination of relevant scientific domains, such as biology, ecology, evolution, human medicine, animal medicine, anthropology, and law, and their epistemology and representation as well as scientific pluralism, which is crucial to establish genuine interdisciplinarity. Navigating the ethics-scape necessitates going beyond the hierarchy of science by recognising that scientific knowledge has implications for both scientific and non-scientific perspectives on the study of nature. The example of a Nipah virus outbreak is used to illustrate how the so-called “modern epidemiological” approach often focuses on risk factors associated with individual behavioural characteristics or collective practices, whereas the so-called “eco-social” approach focuses on global, socio-economic, and environmental factors that are the contextual causes of the health problem affecting the community. “Modern epidemiologists” aim to “correct” individual or practice factors using a “minimal set” of ethics, whereas “eco-social” scientists have to act systemically, which requires integrated research that acknowledges scientific pluralism, avoids the hierarchy of sciences, but accepts the pluralism of ethics and values. (shrink)

Taking off from the observation that scholars have for too long maintained that late ancient philosophy has no ethical theory, the purpose of this paper is toshow that there is. indeed an ethics in late antiquity, and even that it is rich and consistent. I make a distinction between an ethical theory (about e.g. happiness and virtue) and its practical foundation in the philosophical curriculum of Neoplatonic schools. I focus on the curriculum, showing that the pedagogical focus of late ancient (...) ethics is twofold: it aims to make people turn away from worldly ties, but nevertheless always retains social concern as a main preoccupation. To this end two different kinds of ethical tasks can be distinguished: (a) the purification of the soul who is starting her philosophical journey and (b) the generous testimony of the soul who has already experienced purification. The Platonic call for divinization of the soul [Theaetetus 176b) turns out to bear interesting parallels with late ancient ethics and, what is more, to provide its general framework. (shrink)

Taking off from the observation that scholars have for too long maintained that late ancient philosophy has no ethical theory, the purpose of this paper is toshow that there is. indeed an ethics in late antiquity, and even that it is rich and consistent. I make a distinction between an ethical theory (about e.g. happiness and virtue) and its practical foundation in the philosophical curriculum of Neoplatonic schools. I focus on the curriculum, showing that the pedagogical focus of late ancient (...) ethics is twofold: it aims to make people turn away from worldly ties, but nevertheless always retains social concern as a main preoccupation. To this end two different kinds of ethical tasks can be distinguished: (a) the purification of the soul who is starting her philosophical journey and (b) the generous testimony of the soul who has already experienced purification. The Platonic call for divinization of the soul [Theaetetus 176b) turns out to bear interesting parallels with late ancient ethics and, what is more, to provide its general framework. (shrink)

Cet essai développe une analyse critique de la mondialisation basée sur des recherches de terrains entreprises dans la décennie 2010 à Cuba, plus particulièrement à La Havane. L’enseignement de la mondialisation dans les universités anglo-saxonnes au Canada et en Grande-Bretagne dans les années 2000 se caractérisait par une peur de l’homogénéisation de la culture, puis de l’application d’une approche ethnographique pour l’exploration du processus d’appropriation culturelle engendrée par les interactions entre le local et le transnational. Des recherches de terrain ont (...) cependant montré, parfois de manière concrète, comment la vision de la mondialisation composée de systèmes de circulations fluides et sans tension était utopique et non pertinente dans le contexte cubain (et probablement dans tous les pays de l’hémisphère Sud). L’histoire du « dossier dubstep » racontée ici permet d’illustrer le sentiment de décalage tel qu’exprimé par des DJs et producteurs de musique électronique à La Havane et leur désir d’entrer dans la danse. Enfin, cet essai jette un regard critique sur une vision fluide des échanges, souvent associée au concept de circulation et, par extension, au phénomène de la mondialisation. (shrink)

This paper defends the idea that alterations in social perception of people with epilepsy may be crucial in the development of co-morbidities, involving a circular and mutual relationship between the person and her/his social environment, between the self and the world. We aim at exploring the role of these processes in psychopathological phenomena in people with epilepsy. Through a phenomenological and enactive account of intersubjectivity and the model of circular causality, enriched with interviews conducted with people with epilepsy, we develop (...) the hypothesis that the originary domain of a person’s experience with epilepsy expands and modifies the fundamental interrogation of the sense of self. Furthermore, we observe how disturbances in the dynamical coupling and coordination among agents may contribute to psychopathological phenomena, and to changes in intersubjectivity and social perception. (shrink)

We argue that the operational definition proposed by Ramsey et al. does not represent a significant improvement for students of innovation, because it is so restrictive that it might actually prevent the testing of hypotheses on the relationships between innovation, ecology, evolution, culture, and intelligence. To avoid tautological thinking, we need to use an operational definition that is taxonomically unbiased and neutral with respect to the hypotheses to be tested.

ObjectiveHead and neck cancer treatments are known to significantly affect functionality and appearance, leading to an increased risk for body image disturbances. Yet, few longitudinal studies exist to examine body image in these patients. Based on a conceptual model, the current study aimed to determine, in patients newly diagnosed with HNC: the prevalence, level, and course of body image concerns; correlates of upon cancer diagnosis body image concerns; predictors of immediate post-treatment body image concerns; and association between body image concerns (...) and levels of anxiety, depression, suicidal ideation, support, and alcohol and drug misuse.MethodsTwo hundred and twenty-three, newly diagnosed with a primary HNC were assessed using structured clinical interviews and psychometric measures at three, and 6 months after diagnosis. Primary outcome was 3-month, as it was most salient to body image disturbance. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted on the potential body image predictors, based on the model.ResultsSixty-eight percent of patients with HNC presented some level of body image concerns. Body image concerns at baseline and post-treatment were significantly related and significantly increased from pre- to post-treatment. Immediately post-treatment, 89% presented some level of body image concerns. Correlates of body image concerns in patients with HNC at baseline included: physical symptom burden, difficulties with communication and eating, coping with the cancer diagnosis using denial, suicidal ideation, and having had a past anxiety diagnosis. When controlling for sociodemographic and medical variables, body image concerns in patients with HNC in the immediate post-treatment were predicted by: baseline body image, physical symptom burden, and neuroticism.ConclusionThis longitudinal study helps identify patients more susceptible to experience body image disturbance following head and neck cancer. Clinicians ought to pay special attention to body image concerns upon cancer diagnosis, physical symptom burden, and neuroticism, and may want to target these factors in future preventive interventions. (shrink)

Jeffery Aubin,Dianne Cole,Julio Cesar Dias Chaves,Jonathan von Kodar,Anne-France Morand,Timothy Pettipiece,Paul-Hubert Poirier,Martin Voyer,Eric Crégheur.

In CQ N.S. xxi , 146 f. Dr. G. Giangrande reaffirms his claim that the reading of most manuscripts at A. R. I. 1333 is sound. I argued in CQ N.S. xix , 274 f. that is more likely to be from than from , on the ground that readers of an epic poem would not take it in any other way, since Homer has only and from . Giangrande now produces the variants and found here and there in Homer's (...) text. According to him, ‘the more obscure and debated the variant, the more elegant its reproduction was felt to be’. Apollonius thus campaigns for from on the basis of these obscure varian. (shrink)

English summary: After borrowing their alphabet from the Phoenicians, the Greeks invented grammar, which is initially the art of letters, grammata. Platos' grammatike techne is the mastery of reading and writing. Elementary grammar, however, subject of school masters (grammarians), progressively expanded its ambitions in order to become the savant study of written works and Greek language - it is the subject of grammatikos. It is for the most part in Alexandria where generations of grammarians gave autonomy to this new discipline. (...) Their activity can be chronologically situated between the 3rd and 2nd century BC and the 1st and 2nd century AD. Jean Lallot's 26 studies touch upon various aspects - problems and diverse approaches, technical terminology, theory of the parts of discourse, syntax - the origins and the development of the discipline bound to provide the epistemological base of modern linguistics. French text. French description: Apres avoir emprunte leur alphabet aux Pheniciens, les Grecs ont invente la grammaire, qui est au depart l'art des lettres, grammata : la grammatike techne de Platon est la maitrise de la lecture et de l'ecriture. Mais la grammaire elementaire, domaine du maitre d'ecole (grammatistes), a progressivement elargi ses ambitions pour devenir l'etude savante des oeuvres ecrites et de la langue (grecque)--c'est le domaine du grammatikos. Dans le sillage des philosophes precurseurs (Platon, Aristote, les stoiciens), c'est en grande partie a Alexandrie que des generations de grammairiens ont donne corps et confere une autonomie a la nouvelle discipline. On peut situer chronologiquement leur activite entre le IIIe -IIe siecle avant J.-C., epoque des savants philologues de la grande Bibliotheque--au premier rang desquels Aristarque de Samothrace (ca 217-145)--et le IIe siecle de notre ere, domine par l'activite d'Apollonius Dyscole et de son fils Herodien. Les vingt-six etudes de Jean Lallot regroupees ici eclairent sous de multiples aspects--problematiques et demarches, terminologie technique, theorie des parties du discours, syntaxe--les origines et le developpement d'une discipline vouee a devenir la premiere du trivium medieval et a fournir le socle epistemologique de la linguistique moderne. (shrink)

Ces dernières années, l’avortement et l’accès à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse (IVG) ont de nouveau été au centre du débat public et politique. Si la proximité temporelle de ces changements rend difficile l’élaboration de leurs chronologies, certains événements marquants peuvent déjà être soulignés. Pensons par exemple aux attaques des droites populistes contre les droits reproductifs des femmes en Europe et aux États-Unis, telles que les tentatives d’affaiblir la loi sur l’IVG en Pol...

Cet article analyse un bref texte arabe qui propose une division des catégories d’Aristote, en catégories simples et catégories composées ; ce fragment est attribué à Aḥmad Ibn al-Ṭayyib al-Saraḫsī, philosophe du neuvième siècle et disciple majeur d’al-Kindī, le « premier philosophe des Arabes ». L’article montre que la division d’al-Saraḫsī trouve son origine dans la tradition alexandrine des commentateurs aristotéliciens. Le fragment est replacé dans le contexte de la philosophie arabe en analysant différentes divisions des catégories avancées, respectivement, (...) par Ibn al-Muqaffaʿ, al-Kindī, les Frères de la Pureté et Abū l-Faraǧ ibn al-Ṭayyib. Des collections de définitions et de divisions philosophiques en grec et en syriaque constituent très probablement le mode de transmission de la division au monde de l’islam. Le fragment illustre également que, pour ce qui concerne la philosophie aristotélicienne, al-Saraḫsī ne suit pas toujours l’exemple de son maître al-Kindī. (shrink)

In the Middle Ages, even more so than today, history writing could be an act of political engagement. In an era without formal representation, the ability to persuade audiences of particular views of the past could be a significant weapon for those seeking to gain rhetorical leverage in political disputes. Yet “useful” history could be compiled from existing works as well as written from scratch. Because of the technologies of transmission in the age before printing, texts were essentially unstable: even (...) authoritative works were vulnerable to editing and repackaging by copyists in ways that could fundamentally alter their original meanings. Moreover, because of the organization of manuscript production, historical compilations were more likely to reflect the views of communities rather than individual authors. Modern historians have observed that the Carolingian and Anglo-Norman periods, both of which witnessed a revival of interest in the writing of new history, also saw surges in the production of historical compilations that functioned as responses to high-level political events and contributed to the formation of social identities. (shrink)