El objetivo del estudio se orientó a analizar el desarrollo socioemocional de niños(as) con habilidades diferentes que participaron en actividades de equinoterapia en la ciudad de Lima. La muestra del estudio, realizado con diseño fenomenológico, estuvo constituida por los padres o madres de familia que participaron en la implementación de actividades de equinoterapia y ofrecieron información de sus hijos(as) con autismo, síndrome de Down o trastorno por déficit de atención con y sin hiperactividad. El recojo de datos se utilizó un (...) cuestionario de preguntas abiertas que se enfocaron en las áreas social y emocional del desarrollo de niños(as), el cual fue administrado a 25 informantes, número que se alcanzó por saturación. Se encontró como resultado que los(as) niños(as) que participan en actividades de equinoterapia con enfoque holístico se ve favorecido su desarrollo socioemocional, referente a la relación de apego y control de emociones en el área emocional, y las relaciones. (shrink)

Human nature is a puzzling matter that must be analysed through a holistic lens. In this commentary, I foray into anthropology's biosocial dimensions to underscore that human relations span from microorganisms to global commodities. I argue that the future of social-cultural anthropology depends on the integration of evolutionary theory for its advancement. Ultimately, since the likelihood of novel zoonoses' emergence, digital ethnography could offer remarkable opportunities for ethical and responsible inquiries.

Indecent Theology has provided both Feminist Theology and Liberation Theology with new contours for rethinking bodies, power, dominance, and submission. With regard to the logic of dominance that radically pushes the margins of the margins into a form of inexistent living, I suggest a material turn to rethink the contours that are evoked with Indecent Theology. Materialism has long stood as a philosophy opposing the overwhelming dominance of language and the poststructuralist emphasis that has emerged as the ‘linguistic turn’. Considering (...) ‘new materialism’ as a theoretical platform to reread Indecent Theology provides theologies and ethics an opportunity to re-imagine indecent methodologies through indecency, a sort of ethical perversion. I suggest an indecent turn in mobilizing materialism and kink as theories to reread indecent theology for a productive queer materialist sexual theology. The feminist liberation theology of Marcella Althaus-Reid pushes both feminism and liberation into new contours of power and submission and initiates new contours of queer sexuality into the discourse. When analysing Althaus-Reid’s work, we are brought to attention to the margins of the margins, an awareness of the struggle for power and control by those deemed less than. There are contours of power at and in the margins of the margins, those who occupy ‘bottom space’. From a kink/bdsm orientation, I propose to reread Alrhaus-Read’s feminist liberation theology as decolonial erotics that helps to generate a productive materialist queer sexuality. The overarching methodology of this article is a quasi-auto ethnographic investigation into the ways in which the contours of race, class, gender, sex, sexuality, and ability affect power and submission and in turn reframes both queer theology and queer sexuality that is rooted in the living out of a very particular theology and ethics, which is rooted in queer relating. Theology can neither materialize in a vacuum nor in isolation. An indecent turn to a queer sexual theology that is rooted in a queer relationality demands attention to the interdependence of queer relating that is materialized through the interdependency of the growing queer desires of bodies, power, dominance, and submission. (shrink)

This issue contains a book symposium on Anneli Jefferson’s book, Are mental disorders brain disorders?. It is a delight that the symposium brings together a variety of perspectives from philosopher...

Cultural landscapes represent a complex category where the nature-culture dichotomy seem to not be able to unfold the main features and the profound relations that humans have with the environment. Drawing on ethnographic data collected in the saltpans of Se-ovlje (Slovene Istria) and Janubio (Lanzarote--Canary Islands) this article examines informant`s perceptions about the awareness of the importance and the enhancement of the holistic values of both saltpans, as well as the impacts and benefits of tourism. Comparing these perceptions about both (...) cultural landscapes, I try to suggest that the complex fruitfully relations between humans and nature in these saltpans are at odds with the neoliberal logic of nature which exploit and commoditize its resources depriving them of their respective agency. A sustainability to contrast the harmful activities of the market ought to be understood not as a simply isolation and fencing of nature for the sake of conservation, but as a preservation that need to foster the continuity of the deep interactions between human culture and non-human nature which are the core of the cultural landscapes. (shrink)

Though Indigenous women in Mexico have traditionally exhibited some of the highest levels of maternal mortality in the country—a fact that some authors have argued was an important reason to explain the EZLN uprising in 1994—there is some evidence that the rate of maternal mortality has fallen in Zapatista communities in the Chiapas Highlands in the last two decades, and that other health indicators have improved. In this article, we offer an account of the modest success that Zapatista communities have (...) achieved in improving their health levels. In particular, we argue that Zapatista women have implicitly used a form of feminist standpoint theory to diagnose the epistemic (and economic) injustice to which they have been traditionally subjected and to develop an epistemology of resistance that is manifested in actions such as becoming health promoters in their communities. We also argue that this epistemology of resistance is partially responsible for the improvement of health levels in their communities. Finally, on the basis of our discussion of the Zapatista case, we suggest that standpoint theory could play an important role in other healthcare settings involving oppressed minorities. (shrink)

Emotional self-regulation in childhood and adolescence constitutes a growing interest in the scientific community, highlighting in recent years the need to observe its development in their daily life. Therefore, the objective of this systematic review is to characterize publications referring to the development of emotional self-regulation of people under 18 years-old, in natural contexts. Based on the PRISMA guidelines, searches are carried out in the Web of Science, Scopus and PsycINFO databases, and in Google Scholar until May 2020. After reviewing (...) the full text of 376 publications, 14 works are selected that are observed in their extrinsic, substantive and methodological characteristics based on the GREOM and MQCOM guidelines, by two independent evaluators. Most of the studies correspond to the last 20 years, increasing the interest in observing older children, in interaction with adults and/or in different cultures. They apply mixed methodologies, not always ascribing to a low intensity design. Strengths are observed regarding the collection and analysis of the quality of the data; and weaknesses related to the failure to record the duration and sequence of behaviors, highlighting the use of guidelines as guides for future research. (shrink)

Desde los inicios de la humanidad hasta finales de la Edad Media, la imagen del universo reflejaba una visión teológica, para girar en torno al hombre en el siglo XVI. Con la llegada de la revolución industrial, de la concepción cíclica del tiempo propugnada por el Humanismo se pasa a la idea moderna de progreso. Por último, se produce la evolución de la sociedad disciplinaria organizada en torno a la fábrica como lugar cerrado y en la que el individuo sabe (...) quien ostenta el poder, hasta la sociedad de control en la era tecnológica actual deslocalizada en empresas con individuos que tienen acceso a la información hasta cierto nivel. El hombre se sitúa en el panóptico y sabe que está siendo observado, convertido en una forma de entretenimiento voyeurístico y exhibicionista. La perversión del mundo informatizado en el que el optimismo ante la posibilidad de verlo todo, se contrapone al control de la información y a la vigilancia permanente. Esta deshumanización afecta también al terreno plástico, que pretende dar soluciones a través de un arte participativo con nuevos planteamientos, estéticas y soportes. Obras abiertas que deben ser ejecutadas, y no solo leídas. (shrink)

Though it is held that some models in science have explanatory value, there is no conclusive agreement on what provides them with this value. One common view is that models have explanatory value vis-à-vis some target systems because they are developed using an abstraction process. Though I think this is correct, I believe it is not the whole picture. In this paper, I argue that, in addition to the well-known process of abstraction understood as an omission of features or information, (...) there is also a family of abstraction processes that involve aggregation of features or information and that these processes play an important role in endowing the models they are used to build with explanatory value. After offering a taxonomy of abstraction processes involving aggregation, I show by considering in detail several models drawn from different sciences that the abstraction processes involving aggregation that are used to build these models are responsible for their having explanatory value. (shrink)

La réalisation d’un entretien est un instant privilégié du travail de recherche de l’historien d’histoire immédiate. Outre le plaisir d’une rencontre avec une personnalité souvent exceptionnelle, il a l’impression enivrante d’être dans les coulisses de l’histoire et d’approcher de la vérité. Derrière l’illusion de la restitution d’un moment de l’histoire il faut retrouver la construction d’une interprétation modelée par « le travail de la mémoire » et marqué par l’empreinte chez l’interviewé...

La réalisation d’un entretien est un instant privilégié du travail de recherche de l’historien d’histoire immédiate. Outre le plaisir d’une rencontre avec une personnalité souvent exceptionnelle, il a l’impression enivrante d’être dans les coulisses de l’histoire et d’approcher de la vérité. Derrière l’illusion de la restitution d’un moment de l’histoire il faut retrouver la construction d’une interprétation modelée par « le travail de la mémoire » et marqué par l’empreinte chez l’interviewé...

El objetivo del artículo es operacionalizar teóricamente la complementariedad significativa, de tres niveles de significación social (representaciones sociales, imaginarios y mitologías), a través de la construcción discursiva en la prensa alternativa digital chilena. A nivel metodológico, se aplica el análisis de contenido cualitativo, analizando dos notas de prensa pertenecientes a El Desconcierto y El Mostrador, haciendo alusión a la temática de la Marcha más Grande de Chile acaecida durante el Estallido Social de 2019. En términos de hallazgos y conclusiones se (...) evidencia a nivel teórico y operativo la estrecha dialéctica y complementariedad entre las tres nociones teóricas de significación mencionadas. (shrink)

La fundamentación metafísica que sirve de núcleo a la ética de la responsabilidad de Hans Jonas participa de unos determinados presupuestos acerca de la relación entre los aspectos objetivo y subjetivo de la ética, donde la objetividad se atribuye automáticamente a lo teórico y la relatividad subjetiva a lo valorativo. Con ayuda de la crítica que realizó Max Scheler de estos mismos presupuestos en el formalismo ético de Immanuel Kant, se trata de discutirlos y mostrar que suprimen el fundamento propio (...) de la moral, que reside en el conocimiento objetivo, pero al mismo tiempo afectivo, de cualidades materiales de valor en tanto que objetos intencionales del percibir afectivo. (shrink)

Recientes innovaciones en la teoría social están abocadas a desarrollar puntos de encuentro y colaboración con la teoría de la complejidad. Por supuesto, tal aproximación conlleva una reconceptualizacion profunda de la noción de sistema y de diversas dinámicas y procesos asociados. En el artículo se mostrará cómo la síntesis constructiva entre teoría social y teoría de la complejidad hace posible avanzar en el estudio e investigación de ciertos problemas teóricos sociológicos y de la “complejidad global”.

Van Fraassen has presented in Scientific Representation an attractive notion of measurement as an important part of the empiricist structuralism that he endorses. However, he has been criticized on the grounds that both his notion of measurement and his empiricist structuralism force him to do the very thing he objects to in other philosophical projects—to endorse a controversial metaphysics. This paper proposes a defense of van Fraassen by arguing that his project is indeed a ‘metaphysical’ project, but one which is (...) very similar to Strawson’s ‘descriptive metaphysics’; if this is the case, van Fraassen’s project may be taken, following recent suggestions made by Ney and Paul, as a form of metaphysics that can potentially make a crucial contribution to scientific inquiry. (shrink)

La presencia de préstamos léxicos en una lengua es un indicio de la introducción de una palabra foránea y una nueva realidad. Aquí discutiré cómo la presencia de préstamos léxicos en las lenguas es un indicio de la pluralidad del mundo real. Para esto, tomaré la tesis expuesta por Lewis sobre la pluralidad de mundos y presentaré ejemplos del muisca y del español1, como una prueba de que el mundo, como un único lugar donde todo está incluido, conlleva la pluralidad (...) del mundo real, debido a que hay otro que suele ser desconocido y, en consecuencia, no posible dentro de sus mundos posibles. (shrink)

The documentary genre is one of the audiovisual mechanisms with the greatest media efficiency in the transmission of reality. However, depending on the nature of the story, the construction of the textual and audiovisual discourse is altered. In this article, we consider the following questions: Is the documentary a format that is faithful to reality? What modifications does the discourse undergo so that the story is enhanced? To go deeper into this aspect, we intend to analyse the different elements that (...) make up the documentary discourse in its transition from reality to fictionalised narrative. To this end, an inspection of the environmental dissemination documentary My Octopus Teacher (Netflix, 2020) will be carried out. An audiovisual proposal in which the coexistence between human and animal life turns environmental dissemination into a powerful instrument for transmitting scientific knowledge. (shrink)

Filosofía y cultura novohispana -- Un tema de antropología filosófica : los indígenas americanos son seres humanos -- Humanismo novohispano -- Colofón : "Indio".

The author asks whether there was a “scientific ‘68”, and focuses on aspects of two specific methodological proposals defined in the 1940s and 50s by the terms “action research” and “mixing methods”, applied particularly to social sciences. In the first, the climate surrounding the events of 1968 contributed to heightening the participative element to be found –by definition– in “action research”; that is: the importance of making the research subjects themselves participants in the design, execution and application of the study (...) of which they are the focus. This approach captured the democratic and anti-authoritarian spirit at the heart of the proposal, which was part of the prevailing climate in those days. The repercussions of 1968 on “mixing methods” focused on studying what had actually occurred, especially between the youth and workers, and therefore, particularly from the point of view of sociology and social psychology, using a “mixed methods” approach. The author explores the proposal of Norman Denzin; but traces the recent origins of both “mixing methods” and “action research” back to the proposals of mainly Kurt Lewin and the Chicago School. (shrink)

The small-improvement argument is usually considered the most powerful argument against comparability, viz the view that for any two alternatives an agent is rationally required either to prefer one of the alternatives to the other or to be indifferent between them. We argue that while there might be reasons to believe each of the premises in the small-improvement argument, there is a conflict between these reasons. As a result, the reasons do not provide support for believing the conjunction of the (...) premises. Without support for the conjunction of the premises, the small-improvement argument for incomparability fails. (shrink)

Studies have shown that a person can consciously believe that they value racial equality and desire not to perpetuate racial stigmas, but unwittingly exhibit racist attitudes and beliefs. In order to explain this discrepancy between conscious beliefs and behavior, scholars have turned their attention to unconscious racial prejudice. One approach that is gaining wide acceptance is the Implicit Bias Model, which appeals to distinct implicit and explicit cognitive processes, coupled with an account of the ways in which people unconsciously internalize (...) widespread stereotypes and stigmas. This article claims that although the Implicit Bias Model is in many respects useful, it leaves out a central aspect of unconscious racial prejudice: the underlying motivations and incentives for harboring racist attitudes and beliefs, which generate psychological resistances to knowing about or changing prejudices. A more complete account of unconscious racial prejudice can be developed by turning to theories of active ignorance, which contribute to what this article calls the Resistance Model. (shrink)

El artículo pretende evidenciar la dimensión política –en un sentido amplio– de la confesión y la inquisición en su emergencia como procedimientos para sentenciar el pecado oculto. Lo hace al insertar ambos en las formas duales, pastorales y jurídicas, que desarrolla el gobierno eclesiástico plenomedieval para la condena de la inobediencia a la nueva ortodoxia y ortopraxis romana. A este respecto, los dispositivos confesional e inquisitorial se comprenden en relación con la emergencia de lo herético como impugnación obstinada al gobierno (...) romano –en la tensión entre el gobierno de sí y de los otros–. (shrink)

El presente artículo, aborda el estado del arte en torno al conocimiento producido en la relación de las categorías de significaciones imaginarias y ciudadanía política, durante el periodo 2007-2018 en Iberoamérica. Este estado del arte, se realiza con el objetivo de identificar las tendencias teóricas, metodológicas y los resultados más relevantes, que han orientado las investigaciones respecto a dichas categorías, en su relación analítica, con el fin de fundamentar posteriores análisis que permitan identificar y problematizar los avances y vacíos en (...) el campo, que ayuden a ampliar la mirada sobre estos asuntos, en el marco de la investigación doctoral “Significaciones imaginarias en torno a la ciudadanía y la religiosidad, en un grupo de jóvenes universitarios de Pereira”, la cual se encuentra en proceso de construcción y ejecución. (shrink)

Objectivo do presente artigo é mostrar de que modo John Locke, sobretudo nas obras An Essay concerning Human Understanding e Two Treatises of Government, se revela um dos principais pensadores do liberalismo, especialmente no que se refere às raízes antropológicas do mesmo. Com efeito, partindo do nominalismo, o qual Ihe permite fazer a distinção entre essências reais e essências nominais, Locke faz do seu Ensaio urna grandiosa tentativa de descrever a natureza humana, processo esse em que sobressai não só o (...) significado de urna existência persistentemente mantida nos mais distintos tempos e lugares, mas também, ou sobretudo, a ideia de que o elemento mais profundo da identidade humana se encontra precisamente na liberdade. Além disso, o artigo mostra também de que modo Locke reconhece na razão a faculdade que permite ao ser humano aceder ao conjunto das leis naturais, bem assim aos correspondentes direitos, entre os quais se destaca o direito à propriedade privada, direitos e deveres esses que compete, antes de mais, à sociedade civil, ou seja, à política, servir e preservar. Nesse sentido, o artigo evidencia também de que modo, sobretudo de acordo com os Treatises, e dado que os seres humanos, por si sós, se revelam incapazes de garantir a vigência das leis da natureza que à sua convivência se aplicam, e para melhor as poder salvaguardar, os indivíduos, de forma voluntária, se constituem em Estado. Mostra-se ainda de que modo, para Locke, a sociedade deve ser governada de acordo com a lei da maioria, e o que por esta se entende. Finalmente, o artigo chama ainda a nossa atenção para o facto de, segundo John Locke, a expressão máxima da vontade da sociedade política se encontrar no poder legislativo, poder esse que, dotado como está da missão de salvaguardar a propriedade privada, tem sobretudo a responsabilidade de eleger o poder executivo, nele delegando a tarefa executar, ou fazer cumprir, as leis que dele próprio possam emanar. The aim of this article is to demonstrate how John Locke, chiefly in his works An Essay concerning Human Understanding and Two Treatises of Government, reveals himself one of the major thinkers of liberalism, especially concerning its anthropological roots. In fact, starting from nominalism, which allows himself to distinguish between real essences and nominal essences, Locke makes in his Essay a grand attempt at descnbing human nature, a process in which stands out not only the meaning of an existence persistently maintained in the most distinguished times and places, but also, and chiefly, the idea that the most profound element of human identity resides in its freedom. The article also demonstrates how Locke recognizes reason as the capacity which permits human being to accede to the set of natural laws, and to the corresponding rights, among which the right to private property stands out; and it belongs, before anything else, to the civil society, that is, to politics, to serve and preserve those rights and duties. In this way, and considering that human beings, by themselves, are incapable of guaranteeing the validity of natural laws which are applied to living in society, the article, mainly following the Two Treatises, also makes evident how individuals voluntaríly constitute the State, precisely in order to safeguard those laws. Moreover, the author also demonstrates how, according to Locke, society should be governed by the law of majority and how this law is properly understood. Finally, the article also calls our attention to the fact that, according to Locke, the utmost expression of the will of political society is to be found in the legislative power, the one that, endowed as it is with the mission of protecting prívate property, has the major responsibility of electing the executive power and delegating in it the task of executing the laws eventually issued by itself. (shrink)