Through an investigation of Husserl's concept of horizontal intentionality, the article basically argues that the horizon is intrinsically intersubjective, and that it entails an implicit reference to the intentions of possible Others. Against this background it is argued that our perceptual experience of an embodied Other, our factual encounter with the Other, is not the most basic and fundamental type of intersubjectivity. On the contrary, it presupposes a type of intersubjectivity which belongs a priori to the structure of constituting (...) subjectivity. (shrink)

Horizontes da religião (Horizons of religion) - DOI: 10.5752/P.2175-5841.2011v9n23p633.

Philosophy & Social Criticism, Volume 48, Issue 8, Page 1123-1139, October 2022. Major debates on democratic renewal suggest two ways of eliciting social change: either by strengthening vertical practices of representation or by expanding horizontal forms of participation. The article develops an argument for why there is a need to rethink democratic resistance beyond the vertical–horizontal divide. If contemporary forms of resistance encompass a strategic interplay between vertical and horizontal practices, then an alternative framework is required to (...) capture this logic. Filling this gap, the article introduces the concept of ‘horizontal experimentalism’. Such an idea comprehends an understanding of political means and ends as a continuum and as adjusting each other in an ongoing process of experimental inquiry. (shrink)

Horizontalism is the thesis that what a speaker asserts in literally and sincerely uttering an indicative sentence is some horizontal proposition of her utterance; diagonalism is the thesis that what a speaker asserts in literally and sincerely uttering an indicative sentence is some diagonal proposition of her utterance. Recent work on assertion has reached no clear consensus favoring either horizontalism or diagonalism. I explore a novel strategy for adjudicating between the two views by considering the advantages and disadvantages which (...) would accrue to a linguistic community as a result of adopting different committal practices—that is, practices of associating utterances with the propositions to which speakers undertake assertoric commitments in uttering them—ultimately concluding that a horizontalist practice has important advantages over its competitors. (shrink)

Major debates on democratic renewal suggest two ways of eliciting social change: either by strengthening vertical practices of representation or by expanding horizontal forms of participation. The article develops an argument for why there is a need to rethink democratic resistance beyond the vertical–horizontal divide. If contemporary forms of resistance encompass a strategic interplay between vertical and horizontal practices, then an alternative framework is required to capture this logic. Filling this gap, the article introduces the concept of (...) ‘horizontal experimentalism’. Such an idea comprehends an understanding of political means and ends as a continuum and as adjusting each other in an ongoing process of experimental inquiry. (shrink)

The significance of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in eukaryotic evolution remains controversial. Although many eukaryotic genes are of bacterial origin, they are often interpreted as being derived from mitochondria or plastids. Because of their fixed gene pool and gene loss, however, mitochondria and plastids alone cannot adequately explain the presence of all, or even the majority, of bacterial genes in eukaryotes. Available data indicate that no insurmountable barrier to HGT exists, even in complex multicellular eukaryotes. In addition, the discovery (...) of both recent and ancient HGT events in all major eukaryotic groups suggests that HGT has been a regular occurrence throughout the history of eukaryotic evolution. A model of HGT is proposed that suggests both unicellular and early developmental stages as likely entry points for foreign genes into multicellular eukaryotes. (shrink)

Expediente - Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, v. 17, n. 53, maio-ago. 2019.

Business Ethics, the Environment &Responsibility, Volume 31, Issue 4, Page 937-968, October 2022.

In contrast to vertical gene transfer from parent to offspring, horizontal (or lateral) gene transfer moves genetic information between different species. Bacteria and archaea often adapt through horizontal gene transfer. Recent analyses indicate that eukaryotic genomes, too, have acquired numerous genes via horizontal transfer from prokaryotes and other lineages. Based on this we raise the hypothesis that horizontally acquired genes may have contributed more to adaptive evolution of eukaryotes than previously assumed. Current candidate sets of horizontally acquired (...) eukaryotic genes may just be the tip of an iceberg. We have recently shown that adaptation of the thermoacidophilic red algaGaldieria sulphurariato its hot, acid, toxic‐metal laden, volcanic environment was facilitated by the acquisition of numerous genes from extremophile bacteria and archaea. Other recently published examples of horizontal acquisitions involved in adaptation include ice‐binding proteins in marine algae, enzymes for carotenoid biosynthesis in aphids, and genes involved in fungal metabolism.Editor's suggested further reading in BioEssaysJumping the fine LINE between species: Horizontal transfer of transposable elements in animals catalyses genome evolution Abstract. (shrink)

Jeder scheint zu wissen, was Aufmerksamkeit ist: Sie ermöglicht uns die Konzentration auf Wichtiges und damit zugleich das Ignorieren von Unwichtigem. Sieht man jedoch genauer hin, ist es nicht ganz so eindeutig, was Aufmerksamkeit ist. Es reicht nicht, Aufmerksamkeit auf den aktuellen Akt, Gegenstand oder die jeweils messbare Verhaltensleistung zu reduzieren, wie dies in Philosophie und empirischer Psychologie oft der Fall ist. Um das Phänomen Aufmerksamkeit in seiner Dynamik zu beschreiben, muss man die Horizonte der Aufmerksamkeit thematisieren. Nicht nur die (...) gegenständlichen Horizonte, sondern vor allem die subjektiven Horizonte: die zeitliche, leibliche und habituelle Dimension der Aufmerksamkeit. (shrink)

Este artículo trata sobre los horizontes de la eficacia histórica y la comprensión en la fenomenología de Husserl. El autor comienza considerando el marco que ofrece el análisis de Gadamer de los tres modos de llegar a un acuerdo con las tradiciones, es decir, la metodología generalizadora, la conciencia histórica singularizadora, y la exposición de la conciencia efectiva de la historia. A continuación pasa a describir cómo Husserl se basa en las ideas de Dilthey, y argumenta que el punto principal (...) de partida se encuentra en el concepto de nexo de eficacia. Por último, se realiza un intento por mostrar el punto de vista de Husserl sobre los tres niveles en el camino hacia la experiencia hermenéutica. Se recuerda que Gadamer se refiere a una línea clara que va desde los conceptos de la síntesis pasiva y la intencionalidad anónima hasta la experiencia hermenéutica. Al examinar lo que está involucrado en los horizontes de la eficacia, los horizontes de comprensión, las tipicidades de acceso, las fusiones de mundos familiares y extraños, y los movimientos en zigzag a lo largo de las tradiciones, el trabajo concluye que Husserl se ha preocupado mucho por la noción de una conciencia expuesta ante la eficacia de la historia. This paper deals with the horizons of historical effectiveness and understanding in Husserl’s phenomenology. The author begins by considering the framework afforded by Gadamer’s analyses of the three modes of coming to terms with traditions, i.e., generalizing methodology, singularizing historical consciousness, and exposure of consciousness to effective-history. He then goes on to outline how Husserl draws on Dilthey’s ideas, and argues that a main point of departure is to be found in the notion of nexus of effectiveness. Finally, an attempt is made to show Husserl’s views on the three levels in the way to hermeneutic experience. It is recalled that Gadamer refers to a clear line that leads from the concepts of pasive synthesis and anonymous intentionality to hermeneutic experience. By examining what is involved in horizons of effectiveness, horizons of understanding, access-typicalities, fusions of homeworlds and alienworlds, and zigzag movements throughout traditions, the paper concludes that Husserl has concerned himself a great deal with the notion of a consciousness exposed to the effectiveness of history. (shrink)

While ideal interventions are acknowledged by many as valuable tools for the analysis of causation, recent discussions have shown that, since there are no ideal interventions on upper-level phenomena that non-reductively supervene on their underlying mechanisms, interventions cannot—contrary to a popular opinion—ground an informative analysis of constitution. This has led some to abandon the project of analyzing constitution in interventionist terms. By contrast, this paper defines the notion of a horizontally surgical intervention, and argues that, when combined with some innocuous (...) metaphysical principles about the relation between upper and lower levels of mechanisms, that notion delivers a sufficient condition for constitution. This, in turn, strengthens the case for an interventionist analysis of constitution. (shrink)

At the center of quantum chaos research is a particular family of models known as quantum maps. These maps illustrate an important “horizontal” dimension to model construction that has been overlooked in the literature on models. Three ways in which quantum maps are being used to clarify the relationship between classical and quantum mechanics are examined. This study suggests that horizontal models may provide a new and fruitful framework for exploring intertheoretic relations.

Mental and neural states are related to one another by vertical interlevel relations and by horizontal intralevel relations. For particular choices of such relations, problems arise if causal efficacy is ascribed to mental states. In a series of influential papers and books, Kim has presented his much discussed “supervenience argument,” which ultimately amounts to the dilemma that mental states either are causally inefficacious or they hold the threat of overdetermining neural states. Forced by this disjunction, Kim votes in favor (...) of overdetermination and, ultimately, reduction. We propose a perspective on mental causation that dissolves the assumption of a tension between horizontal and vertical determination. For mental states to be causally efficacious, they must be dynamically stable. This important requirement can be implemented by combining a key idea of supervenience, multiple realization, with the recently introduced vertical interlevel relation of contextual emergence. Both together deflate Kim's dilemma and reflate the causal efficacy of mental states. 2012 APA, all rights reserved). (shrink)

We describe a strategy that is being used for the horizontal integration of warfighter intelligence data within the framework of the US Army’s Distributed Common Ground System Standard Cloud (DSC) initiative. The strategy rests on the development of a set of ontologies that are being incrementally applied to bring about what we call the ‘semantic enhancement’ of data models used within each intelligence discipline. We show how the strategy can help to overcome familiar tendencies to stovepiping of intelligence data, (...) and describe how it can be applied in an agile fashion to new data resources in ways that address immediate needs of intelligence analysts. (shrink)

One fundamental assumption seems to underlie – explicitly or implicitly – every critique of Brenner I have seen: that there can be no such thing as a Marxist theory of competition, the ‘horizontal’ relation among many capitals, that does not presuppose the ‘vertical’ class relation between capital and living labour. To start with the relation between capital and living labour is the only way to establish one's Marxist credentials. In support of that assumption, more than one critic has invoked (...) Marx's comment that competition does not produce or explain capitalist laws of motion but merely executes them, as their visible manifestation in the external movements of individual capitals. Predictably, too, some critics have gleefully turned against Brenner the charge he has famously levelled against other Marxists: that his focus on competition and the market makes him a ‘neo-Smithian’. (shrink)

This paper addresses an issue with the sign ‘⊢’ in Frege’s mature version of Begriffsschrift, i.e., the version in ‘Function and Concept’ and Grundgesetze. The sign is a performative for asserting in that writing down ‘⊢p’ is equivalent to asserting that p. Frege further says that writing ‘ p’ is also equivalent to identifying the reference of ‘p’ with the truth-value True. It looks as if he holds that asserting that p consists in identifying the True with the reference of (...) ‘p’. Frege’s commitment to it, however, seems to encounter a number of tensions. This paper aims to show that these tensions can be avoided by endorsing a non-assertive conception of identification under which making an identification is not making an identity assertion. The suggested reading leads to an entirely di erent understanding of the compositionality of the sign ‘⊢’ as well as Frege’s conception of assertion and judgment. (shrink)

While ideal interventions are acknowledged by many as valuable tools for the analysis of causation, recent discussions have shown that, since there are no ideal interventions on upper-level phenomena that non-reductively supervene on their underlying mechanisms, interventions cannot—contrary to a popular opinion—ground an informative analysis of constitution. This has led some to abandon the project of analyzing constitution in interventionist terms. By contrast, this paper defines the notion of a horizontally surgical intervention, and argues that, when combined with some innocuous (...) metaphysical principles about the relation between upper and lower levels of mechanisms, that notion delivers a sufficient condition for constitution. This, in turn, strengthens the case for an interventionist analysis of constitution. (shrink)

This paper investigates the complexity hypothesis in microbial evolutionary genetics from a philosophical vantage. This hypothesis, in its current version, states that genes with high connectivity are likely to be resistant to being horizontally transferred. We defend four claims. There is an important distinction between two different ways in which a gene family can persist: vertically and horizontally. There is a trade-off between these two modes of persistence, such that a gene better at achieving one will be worse at achieving (...) the other. At least some genes are likely to experience selection favoring increased transferability. One consequence of this can be encapsulated as the “simplicity hypothesis”: horizontally persisting genes will experience selection favoring reduced connectivity. In order to make sense of the simplicity hypothesis, we need to consider evolutionary populations that transcend species boundaries. Vertical and horizontal persistence are therefore not two competing ways of succeeding at the same game, but involve playing two different games altogether. The complexity hypothesis can be understood in terms of two related notions: entrenchment and Cuvierian functionalism. This framing reveals previously unrecognized and philosophically interesting connections between reasoning about deep conservation and horizontal transfer. (shrink)

Este artículo analiza una constelación heterocrónica compuesta por nueve figuras de horizontes y de nubes de polvo de la pampa argentina provenientes de la literatura y de las artes visuales de los siglos XIX, XX y XXI. Según se sostiene a partir de un estudio teórico de diversas fuentes filosóficas, las imágenes son nudos semiótico-materiales, espejos emancipados de la servidumbre humana y voces no antropológicas en tiene lugar una configuración estético-política particular del espacio. Las figuras de horizontes están organizadas en (...) función del ojo humano y ponen el espacio bajo su dominio. En cambio, en las nubes de polvo en las que danzan y se conectan los existentes la configuración humana se encuentra deshecha. (shrink)

Horizontal gene transfer in the form of long DNA fragments has changed our view of bacterial evolution. Recently, we discovered that such processes may also occur with the massive amounts of short and damaged DNA in the environment, and even with truly ancient DNA. Although it presently remains unclear how often it takes place in nature, horizontal gene transfer of short and damaged DNA opens up the possibility for genetic exchange across distinct species in both time and space. (...) In this essay, we speculate on the potential evolutionary consequences of this phenomenon. We argue that it may challenge basic assumptions in evolutionary theory; that it may have distant origins in life's history; and that horizontal gene transfer should be viewed as an evolutionary strategy not only preceding but causally underpinning the evolution of sexual reproduction. (shrink)

In 1976 Raymond Williams commented, ‘Culture is one of the two or three most complicated words in the English language.’ Such implied difficulty has not prevented Bloomsbury Academic, since the 2000s, from publishing around forty series of their well-produced and generously illustrated Cultural Histories, with, according to their website, a further fifty in progress. Each series contains six volumes, each book covering, in theory, the same chronological period (antiquity, the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, the Enlightenment, the age of empire and (...) the modern age), though there is some variation depending on precise topic. The idea is that one can use these books not only to read ‘horizontally’ about a subject across time, but also ‘vertically’ through different subjects in the same period – a idea made easier by the e-texts of the series on Bloomsbury's website. (shrink)

This paper investigates the complexity hypothesis in microbial evolutionary genetics from a philosophical vantage. This hypothesis, in its current version, states that genes with high connectivity are likely to be resistant to being horizontally transferred. We defend four claims. There is an important distinction between two different ways in which a gene family can persist: vertically and horizontally. There is a trade-off between these two modes of persistence, such that a gene better at achieving one will be worse at achieving (...) the other. At least some genes are likely to experience selection favoring increased transferability. One consequence of this can be encapsulated as the “simplicity hypothesis”: horizontally persisting genes will experience selection favoring reduced connectivity. In order to make sense of the simplicity hypothesis, we need to consider evolutionary populations that transcend species boundaries. Vertical and horizontal persistence are therefore not two competing ways of succeeding at the same game, but involve playing two different games altogether. The complexity hypothesis can be understood in terms of two related notions: entrenchment and Cuvierian functionalism. This framing reveals previously unrecognized and philosophically interesting connections between reasoning about deep conservation and horizontal transfer. (shrink)

Descriptive abstraction means omission of information from descriptions of phenomena. In this paper, I introduce a distinction between vertical and horizontal descriptive abstraction. Vertical abstracts away levels of mechanism or organization, while horizontal abstracts away details within one level of organization. The distinction is implicit in parts of the literature, but it has received insufficient attention and gone mainly unnoticed. I suggest that the distinction can be used to clarify how computational descriptions are formed in some variants of (...) the mechanistic account of physical computation. Furthermore, I suggest that, if this suggestion is adopted, it can be used to resolve what I call abstraction, hierarchy, and generality problems raised against mechanistic account of physical computation. According to the abstraction problem, the mechanistic account of physical computation is conceptually confused in claiming that physical systems process computational, abstract properties. An existing solution distinguishes between descriptive and metaphysical abstraction, suggesting that the abstraction problem unnecessarily postulates metaphysically abstract entities. The solution has been criticized for leading to what I call hierarchy and generality problems: it results in two separate hierarchies, one physical and one computational, making it problematic both to account for the generality of computational descriptions and to specify how the two hierarchies are related to each other. Adopting the vertical-horizontal distinction and the view that computational descriptions are achieved by horizontal abstraction allows one to account for the generality of computational descriptions, and to form a single hierarchy in which there are no separate hierarchies in need of integration. (shrink)

El presente trabajo aborda la experiencia cotidiana de la violencia criminal entre estudiantes de preparatoria en la ciudad de Acapulco de Juárez en el Estado de Guerrero, en el sur de México. De forma particular, la investigación analiza el rol de la violencia en la conformación de campos de experiencia y horizontes de expectativas precarios entre esta población, mostrando cómo a través de dicho proceso se conforman lo que llamamos horizontes fragmentados, al interior de los cuales la producción de sentidos (...) contradictorios en torno a la experiencia de la inseguridad contribuye a los procesos de neoproletarización en el capitalismo contemporáneo. (shrink)

En el tema de los «Nuevos horizontes de economía ética en tiempo de neurociencia» se entremezclan lo que hoy se suele entender como ciencias naturales, ciencias sociales y humanidades. Situados ya en este contexto de nuestro tiempo, sentimos de modo especial el predominio de lo económico, que se ha encarnado en los procesos de globalización y mundialización. Pero asimismo en nuestro horizonte histórico no es fácil sentir que vayan unidas la economía y la ética. Lo más normal es que se (...) susciten recelos y sospechas, tanto por parte de los profesionales como de los ciudadanos. (shrink)

This text addresses the problems of tragedy, invention and the colonized body in the writings of the martinican thinkers Aimé Césaire and Frantz Fanon. To do this, at first we stop at the link that exists between the tragedy of the experiences of the black bodies alluded to in the writings of the aforementioned authors with the controls and reifications of colonial modernity. In a second moment, we discuss the invention of poetic image in Césaire's Notebook of a Return to (...) Native Land and how the agency of a body of its own excels out from it through a critical rewriting of the Atlantic Triangle. Next, in a third section, we reflect on Fanon's lived experience in his work Black skin, white masks in order to trace his tragic, self-destructive nature, and his inventive power. Finally, it is concluded that Césaire and Fanon make the invention a possibility of constructing another historical imagination of the body outside of the racial orders of colonial modernity. (shrink)

In this article, I aim at problematizing the implied idea of causality in cognitive evaluations of horizontal justice events. I will draw on theories about retrospective sensemaking and its cognitive foundation in counterfactual belief formation. Issues related to horizontal or intraunit unfairness emerge in situations in which the actions of one employee influence the outcome of another due to relational interdependence. The authors of theories about horizontal unfairness have continued the traditional distinction between the three facets of (...) justice, procedural, distributive, and interactional. However, might employee A blame employee B because she (B) obtained qualitative (e.g., non-monetary appraisal) or quantitative (e.g., monetary compensation) recognition even though the latter did not, directly at least, bring about the event. The problem here is one of causality which asks the question, Can A be blamed by B for bringing about the event of outcome difference? While blame in evaluations of vertical justice certainly presumes causal agency, it might be questioned whether the same goes for horizontal unfairness. Counterfactual belief formation enables a step into the cognitive and retrospective nature of evaluations of horizontal justice events centered on the counterfactual belief “had the unfavorable event X not occurred, another and more favorable event X1 would have occurred.” This is related to the distance between the actual X and the potential event state X), in the sense that the closer the two appear, the more convincing becomes A’s belief to himself. The underlying causality of rewarding processes, however, states that some third party introduces the recognition, for example, a manager, and, therefore, B did not bring about the reward event, the third party did. It seems, then, that to understand this, we should take into consideration: 1) the formation of counterfactual beliefs and 2) the causality of blame. The article concludes that, due to the underlying causality of rewarding processes, one might solely consider one facet of horizontal justice, interactional horizontal justice. However, tapping into the phenomenological dimension of morality might allow one also to address the moral nature of distributive and procedural facets of horizontal justice as the experience of the psychosocial fabric of social reality related with feeling either “as if” one is being treated unfairly or “as if” one is treating others unfairly. (shrink)

Can the turn caused by the Protestant Reformation, which started 500 years ago, be understood in all its complexity without considering its hermeneutical aspects? Does the “actuality” of the Reformation, which addresses our present-day world, not manifest itself primarily as a hermeneutical actuality, or rather the actuality of hermeneutics? These are the questions motivating my investigation on the relationship between the hermeneutical turn of Martin Luther’s Reformation and the Schleiermacherian-Gadamerian turn of modern hermeneutics, respectively on the horizontal and the (...) vertical orientation of transcendence, with special attention to the ontological status of the sacred Word and to modernity’s experience of finitude in establishing the horizontal transcendence, which will prevail again with the Reformation. In the second part of my essay, I focus on the analysis of three modernization processes ‒ methodological awareness, practical worldly rationality, and technological functionality ‒, in which the verticalization tendencies opposed to the prevalence of the horizontal transcendence, based on the mutual interconnectedness of finitude and completeness, keep on recurring and attempt to disrupt their togetherness, counteracting the hermeneutical attitude. (shrink)

Expediente - Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, v. 19, n. 60, set./dez. 2021.

A questão feminina não é um tema visado por Arendt. O paradoxo encontrado por algumas teóricas em relação ao fato desta reconhecer-se enquanto judia, mas não enquanto mulher, faz afastar a essência do pensamento político arendtiano do movimento filosófico do feminismo, acusando Arendt de ceder à hegemonia masculina. Este prisma perde muito ao não reconhecer como sua crítica da modernidade oferece uma base sólida para pensar a mulher contemporaneamente. Sobretudo, tolhe a saída mais digna: a que reconhece o humano. O (...) escrito, a partir da revisão bibliográfica de obras como Entre o Passado e o Futuro (ARENDT, 2016) e Feminism theory and Hannah Arendt’s concept of public space (BENHABIB, 1993a), propõe demonstrar como o sujeito arendtiano, na condição de original, capaz de ação e na imprevisibilidade, existe e age no ínterim do passado-futuro é o sustentáculo teórico dos principais quadros dessa última fase do feminismo. O ponto central é retomar a discussão sobre teorias que retiram do ser a capacidade de agir, reduzindo-os ao homogêneo, e fazer a crítica às teorias contemporâneas sobre as mulheres. A partir da pesquisa, foi possível levantar diversas pensadoras que, iluminadas pela teoria de Arendt, pensam horizontes femininos para uma nova política. (shrink)

El objetivo del artículo es presentar el lugar de la Fiosofía política en el pensamiento contemporáneo. Esto lo haremos mediante tres objetivos más específicos que describen las tres partes del trabajo: (a) delimitar cómo entender hoy la Filosofía Política, (b) presentar alguna de las tradiciones y tendencias más significativas de las últimas décadas, (c) ofrecer una relación de los programas de investigación y autores más relevantes de la actualidad. Este análisis está presidido por la convicción de que junto a las (...) teorías de la ciudadanía, la actualidad de la Filosofía Política está condicionada por la propuesta de Filosofía Moral que inevitablemente la anima. Por eso, actualizar la Filosofía Política requiere preguntarse por los horizontes éticos de la ciudadanía activa. (shrink)

Editorial - Dossiê - Ordem Religiosas Medievais: Poder e Sociedade Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, v. 15, n. 48, out./dez. 2017.

ABSTRACT In order to get access to the specific way of being of Dasein, and from a certain radicalization of the existential "being-in", this meditation constitutes a phenomenological attempt to analyze Spatiality in Heidegger's Being and Time. In this sense, it tries to develop this question in such a way that makes possible for the way of being of Dasein, which is often hidden by its own factual tendency to be understood as an intermundane entity, to show itself. This paper (...) will show why the question concerning Spatiality in Being and Time was an indispensable one, although it was covered up by Temporality. The question concerning Spatiality is important because it is the first form of giving meaning to one's own being. Because of the friction between the medial horizon and the existential constitution of "being-in", the spatiality of Dasein played a leading role in making Dasein's way of being transparent. This transparency of Spatiality, which is based on Dasein's possibility of un-distancing, was a first mode of Dasein's having its own place in the world. RESUMEN Este artículo constituye un esfuerzo fenomenológico por pensar la espacialidad en la obra Ser y Tiempo, desde una cierta radicalización del existenciario ser-en, a fin de ganar un ámbito de acogida y mostración del específico modo de ser del Dasein, su mismidad. En este sentido, se ha tratado de preparar la pregunta que hendiera el terreno para una mostración del aparecer del modo de ser del Dasein, muchas veces encubierto por su propia tendencia fáctica a comprenderse como ente intramundano. A propósito de tal finalidad, se entendió que la cuestión espacial, soterrada por mor de la temporalidad del ser, era indispensable, pues la espacialidad fue entendida como la primera forma de dotación de sentido del propio ser del Dasein, a saber, la espacialidad jugaba, en fricción con el horizonte medial impuesto por la constitución existencial del "ser-en", un papel protagonista a la hora de lograr la transparencia del modo de ser de este mismo Dasein. Esta transparencia espacial, basada en una capacidad hermenéutica des-alejante, era la primera forma de tener un lugar en el mundo por parte del Dasein. (shrink)

Od Kanta do Schelera, kao možebitnih vrhunaca u značajnosti postavljanja pitanja filozofske antropologije, razvila se unutrašnja tendencija novovjeke filozofije da se svi temeljni problemi filozofije dovode u vezu s pitanjem: što jest čovjek? Uobičajeno se smatra da ne treba Heideggerove misaone intencije vezati uz filozofsku antropologiju. Ovdje ćemo međutim napraviti ocrt, kako njegovih bitnih uvida s obzirom na antropološki horizont, tako i tezarij Kanta i Schelera, kao onih koji su utjecali na Heideggera, a čija prava recepcija u njegovom djelu zapravo (...) nedostaje.Von Kant bis Scheler, als möglichen Höhepunkte in der Wichtigkeit der Fragestellung philosophischer Anthropologie, hat sich eine Tendenz gegenwärtigen Philosophie entwickelt nämlich diejenige, die fordert, dass alle grundlegende philosophische Probleme in den Zusammenhang mit der Frage: was ist der Mensch? gebracht werden sollen. Oft wird gehalten, dass Heideggers Überlegungen nicht in Zusammenhang mit der philosophischen Anthropologie gebracht werden sollen. Hier aber werden wir einen Umriss machen, sowohl hinsichtlich Heideggers Überlegungen über seinen anthropologischen Horizont als auch eine Darstellung von Kant und Scheler, als diejenigen, die an Heidegger einen Einfluss gemacht haben. Diesbezüglich halten wir auch, dass eine Rezeption diesen beiden in seinem Werk eigentlich fehlt. (shrink)

A área de Ciências da Religião e Teologia avançou muito, especialmente a partir de 2010, com o início da consolidação da sua associação, a ANPTECRE. Um pouco antes, o Programa de pós-graduação _stricto sensu_ em Ciências da Religião da PUC Minas – PPGCR PUC Minas teve seu curso de mestrado reconhecido pela CAPES, em 2007, e iniciou suas aulas em 2008. Antes de tudo isso, em 2003, o periódico Horizonte retomou suas atividades (surgiu em 1997) e, no contexto da criação (...) do Mestrado, teve novo impulso e começou uma trajetória exitosa até alcançar a avaliação A1 no estrato da CAPES. Este artigo, nas comemorações de 25 anos de Horizonte, suas bodas de prata, faz fazer memória desse processo. Para tanto, usa um método descritivo e qualitativo de caráter histórico. Inicia-se com a situação do contexto histórico, de modo especial com o PPGCR PUC Minas, passando a refletir sobre as primeiras publicações, e depois a tratar do processo que levou Horizonte a avançar na sua qualificação na área e o processo de gestão de qualidade do periódico. Destaca-se a dinâmica de avaliação. Além da memória, espera-se colaborar, através da partilha de sua experiência desenvolvida, com aquelas e aqueles que se interessam pelas publicações científicas. E no marco de suas bodas, Horizonte começa importante inovação ao passar para o processo de fluxo contínuo. Outras mudanças virão e revela o dinamismo de um importante canal de produção e publicização científicas para a área de Ciências da Religião e Teologia. (shrink)

En el siguiente trabajo analizaremos la consideración de la temporeidad en la relación Dasein-mundo, a partir de dos trabajos de Heidegger. En especial, desarrollaremos un estudio histórico-hermenéutico de sus elaboraciones en torno a los horizontes temporales, tanto en el período de SuZ, como en su curso de Friburgo de 1929-1930. En este marco buscaremos dar cuenta de las diferencias en que articula tales cuestiones respecto a sus relaciones con los éxtasis del Dasein. Junto a ello, nos proponemos argumentar que esta (...) diferencia y su desplazamiento pueden entenderse como una reelaboración que articula la comprensión relacional del Dasein ya desplegada en 1927. (shrink)

RESUMEN Esta entrevista tiene como objetivo mostrar los aportes de la fenomenología de Dan Zahavi a algunas temáticas fundamentales de filosofía de la mente. El filósofo danés expresa su interés en vincular la fenomenología con otras disciplinas y comenta su último proyecto, dedicado al vínculo intersubjetivo. Además, explica su posición con respecto a la naturalización de la fenomenología, la importancia de desarrollar una filosofía de la mente desde la perspectiva de primera persona, y la cuestión del idealismo husserliano y su (...) vínculo con Putnam. Por otro lado, se refiere a cómo el estudio de los trastornos psiquiátricos aporta a la filosofía, presenta la propuesta de la tradición fenomenológica para evitar los problemas del debate internalismo-externalismo y explica la manera en que su concepto del yo ilumina la clásica discusión sobre la mente y el cerebro. Finalmente, Zahavi comenta sobre la posibilidad de vincular filosofía, ciencia y religión. ABSTRACT The aim of this interview is to show the contributions of Dan Zahavi's phenomenology to some fundamental issues in philosophy of mind. The Danish philosopher expresses his interest to link phenomenology to other disciplines and talks about his latest project, dedicated to the intersubjective relation. He also explains his position with respect to the naturalization of phenomenology, the importance of developing a philosophy of mind from a first-person perspective, and the question of Husserlian idealism and his link with Putnam. On the other hand, he refers to how the study of psychiatric disorders contributes to philosophy, presents the proposal of the pheno-menological tradition to sidestep the problems of internalism-externalism debate, and explains how his concept of self illuminates the classic discussion on mind and brain. Finally, Zahavi comments on the possibility oflinking philosophy, science and religion. (shrink)

Expediente - Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, v. 20, n. 61, jan./abr. 2022.

O presente artigo debruça-se na crítica de Diderot à Helvétius. Apesar da crítica ser feita pontualmente a cada trecho comentado do livro De l’Homme de Helvétius, consideramos que ela possui um núcleo principal, que é a diferente concepção de materialismo dos autores e suas consequências para o que ambos anseiam para a sociedade. Por isso, investigamos o que há no horizonte do materialismo de Helvétius e de Diderot no que concerne à educação e como, apesar de estarem próximos no ponto (...) de partida, o materialismo, seu norte é diferente. A escolha do tema da educação justifica-se por tratar-se de algo que ultrapassa a teorização filosófica e busca inserção prática na sociedade, mostrando assim não só as consequências práticas das teses materialistas como também o ideal de sociedade proposto por cada autor. Aqui, apontamos para as principais diretrizes sobre a construção de uma educação institucional em De l’Esprit (1754) e De l’Homme (1771), de Helvétius, nas Em Reflexions sur le livre De l’Esprit (1877) e Refutations suivre l’ouvrage intitule De l’Homme (1877)1, e em outras obras de Diderot. 1 As críticas reunidas de Diderot foram publicadas apenas postumamente. Estima-se que a segunda, dedicada à De l’Homme foi redigida em um longo período, que coincide com a redação do Plan d’Université (1775) e Elements de Phisiologie (1875). (shrink)

One fundamental assumption seems to underlie – explicitly or implicitly – every critique of Brenner I have seen: that there can be no such thing as a Marxist theory of competition, the ‘horizontal’ relation among many capitals, that does not presuppose the ‘vertical’ class relation between capital and living labour. To start with the relation between capital and living labour is the only way to establish one's Marxist credentials. In support of that assumption, more than one critic has invoked (...) Marx's comment that competition does not produce or explain capitalist laws of motion but merely executes them, as their visible manifestation in the external movements of individual capitals. Predictably, too, some critics have gleefully turned against Brenner the charge he has famously levelled against other Marxists: that his focus on competition and the market makes him a ‘neo-Smithian’. (shrink)

We study the implications for monopoly pricing strategies and product diversity of consumers’ temptation when the differentiation of the product is horizontal. Consumers have an ex-ante ideal product, but they and the monopolist are aware that consumers may fall prey to “temptation preferences” ex-post with some probability. Our results indicate that when consumers are aware of their dynamic change in preferences, the firm cannot take advantage of consumers’ temptation but instead, in order to attract them into the store, the (...) firm must compensate ex-ante consumers for the possibility of yielding to temptation once inside the store. As a result, this paper shows that the firm narrows the variety of products, not offering those products close to temptation preferences. Moreover, it is shown that product prices and firm’s profits decrease with the probability of temptation and with the consumers’ awareness of their dynamic inconsistency. (shrink)