Esta investigación se presenta como un aporte a los estudios culturales de Rapa Nui a partir de un análisis de caso: la serie de fotografías de 1914 que documentan un evento multitudinario en Rapa Nui y donde varias personas aparecen disfrazadas con máscaras de lona. Complementando diversas fuentes y métodos –como fotografías, dibujos, análisis visual, bibliografía y entrevistas–, este artículo busca esclarecer el contexto y los sentidos posibles de lo que hemos denominado como una escena-puzzle, esto es, una escena de (...) la cual se intenta reconstruir una imagen general buscando fragmentos en diferentes fuentes de información. En este trabajo de desenmascaramiento representamos este evento como una fiesta de carácter nacional que incluyó elementos del repertorio cultural contemporáneo de las personas rapanui. (shrink)

“Es fundamental comprender que la verdadera autonomía se pelea a lo largo de la sociedad (incluyendo el Estado). Aclaro de nuevo aquí para que no haya malentendidos: creo que la construcción de la autonomía, lo que algunos llaman “contrapoder”, tiene que ser el horizonte fundamental de nuestra táctica política. Pero, para cambiar el mundo hay que encontrar la forma de desapoderar el Estado y reemplazarlo por otra forma de relación social. Las asambleas de barrio, las fábricas autogestionadas..

El vínculo entre músicos/as de rock y agencias estatales ha sido en nuestro país históricamente dinámico, intermitente, cambiante. Un clima de época iniciado en los años 2000, tanto en Argentina como en Latinoamérica, caracterizado por demandas de políticas culturales democrático-participativas, se tradujo en una modificación en el vínculo entre hacedores culturales y agentes estatales. Buscando contribuir al debate en torno al diseño e implementación de estas políticas, este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar las lógicas, las legitimidades y las disputas existentes (...) en el vínculo entre músicos/as de rock de la ciudad de La Plata y agencias estatales locales. Para ello, partiremos de un conjunto de políticas culturales que tuvo lugar durante 2016 y 2017 que permitió ver procesos de articulación entre ambos actores, así como instancias de tensión, consenso y reposicionamiento. La investigación se desarrolló en base a una estrategia metodológica de tipo cualitativa, aplicando distintas técnicas de recolección y producción de datos, como entrevistas en profundidad, observación participante, cartografía, sombreo (Jirón, 2012) y relevamiento y análisis de fuentes primarias y secundarias. (shrink)

El objetivo de ésta investigación es explorar y describir los elementos psicológicos derivados de la enseñanza y la práctica espiritual y religiosa de los entrevistados y objetivados en conductas y actitudes en la vida diaria.

The objective of this research is to explore and describe the psychological elements of education and spiritual and religious practice of the respondents objectified in beliefs and attitudes in daily life.

Since 2001, filmmakers have reflected in their works the consequences of terrorism on those women who, directly or indirectly, have been victims of political violence. This article analyzes the cinematographic treatment given to these victims in four countries - Ireland, Germany, Italy and Spain - after the terrorist groups laid down their arms. The objective is to know the differences and similarities of the stereotypes proposed in the films. Those women who were silenced during the hardest years of the armed (...) struggle will now be defined with characteristics that serve as a universal model to understand the role of women in society after conflicts. (shrink)

Este artículo tiene como objetivo principal analizar la relevancia que tiene el discurso mítico en la novela Changó, el gran putas (1983) del escritor colombiano Manuel Zapata Olivella. Se busca dar cuenta que este discurso está presente en la obra en tres niveles que, a pesar de ser distintos, se complementan y entrelazan constantemente. El primero de ellos es el discurso mítico como filosofía. Para la comprensión de este nivel se dará cuenta de la cosmovisión Muntú y religión yoruba que (...) se presenta en la narración. El segundo nivel es el mito como relato, donde se profundiza en la historia de la maldición de Changó que se desarrolla en la novela. En el tercer nivel, es el mito como motor de acción, y en él se analiza la relevancia que tienen ciertos personajes dentro de la trama en relación con el devenir material y político de los pueblos afrodescendientes. Todo ello para comprobar que el discurso mítico no cumple una función meramente narrativa ni contemplativa de un origen o de un pasado lejano, sino que constituye una herramienta de reivindicación cultural y política para los pueblos afrodescendientes en América. (shrink)

Book review on J. G. Feinberg – I. Landa – J. Mervart (vyd.) Karel Kosík and the Dialectics of the Concrete. Leiden – Boston (Brill) 2022, 378 str.

In a recent paper (in Argumentation, 2006) Robert Talisse and Scott Aikin suggest that we ought to recognize two distinct forms of the straw man fallacy. In addition to misrepresenting the strength of an opponent’s specific argument (= the representation form), one can also misrepresent the strength of one’s opposition in general, or the overall state of a debate, by selecting a (relatively) weak opponent for critical consideration (= the selection form). Here I consider whether we as philosophy professors could (...) be seen as sometimes committing the selection form of the straw man through the performance of our regular teaching duties. (shrink)

This article aims to make public part of the research on the concept of ‘light’ in the theological and, above all, liturgical tradition of the Greek Orthodox Church, based on its representation of the concept of ‘hypostasis’. Taking as a point of departure the interpretation of the expression ‘light of light’ [φῶς ἐκ φωτός (phôs ek phōtos)] of the text of the Niceno-Constantinopolitan Symbol, the article presents a proposal for the interpretation of the concept of ‘representation’ for this specific case, (...) based on the idea of apomímesis, and applies this concept to a reading of the place of ‘light’ in the Holy Scripture, in the Patrology and in the Greek Eastern Liturgies. (shrink)

Perceptual experience and visual imagination both offer a first-person perspective on visible objects. But these perspectives are strikingly different. For it is distinctive of ordinary perceptual intentionality that objects seem to be present to the perceiver. I term this phenomenal property of experience ‘presence’. This paper introduces a positive definition of presence. Dokic and Martin (2017) argue that presence is not a genuine property of perceptual experience, appealing to empirical research on derealisation disorders, Parkinson’s disease, virtual reality and hallucination. I (...) demonstrate that their arguments fall short of establishing that presence is not perceptual. (shrink)

The author- following his own research on the subject- argues that Wittgenstein ignores argumentation theory and in general, the problems of rhetoric and argumentation. From this point of view, he frames Stephen Toulmin’s reading of Wittgenstein, arguing that the British philosopher- who was a student of the Austrian- advocates precisely the same thesis. He explains that this happens in a very peculiar (rhetorical) context on Toulmin’s part; a context in which, in essence, Wittgenstein’s philosophy is being rehabilitated.

A professora Pórcia Guimarães Alves teve formação educacional diferenciada e, concluindo o ensino superior, continuou sua formação com cursos e encontros científicos no Brasil e em outros países. Durante as viagens, trocava missivas com seus familiares, que foram mantidas em arquivo pessoal em plástico denominado “Cartas enviadas ao meu pai”. Procurou-se analisar: qual a escrita de si de Pórcia contida nas cartas trocadas com seus familiares entre 1946 e 1958? Listaram-se os objetivos específicos: mapear os familiares mencionados nas cartas; analisar (...) a materialidade do suporte epistolar procurando aspectos subjetivos em seus registros autobiográficos; e identificar temas narrados nessa escrita. (shrink)

A reflexão que se desenvolve, aqui, reporta-se ao contexto de um período caracterizado por questionamentos profundos, no que tange à tensão entre as diferentes concepções de ciência, verdade, método, ética científica. O eixo da discussão incide sobre o lugar da ética neste século, exercendo o papel de problematizadora de uma vinculação fetichista a determinada visão acerca da verdade, visão esta que tem mantido as Ciências Humanas refém de um olhar cético em relação à legitimidade do conhecimento que produz. O objetivo (...) principal, aqui, é provocar um debate que instigue a uma visão que venha a transcender a oposição excludente entre Ciências Humanas e Naturais, cuja polêmica se assenta na tensão entre os conceitos de verdade e verdade científica. Neste sentido, consideram-se como resultados da discussão, a proposta de que o problema fundamental na pesquisa científica, atualmente, consiste em assumir o desafio de ressignificar a visão sobre a fonte do conhecimento e, em consequência, os meios de deliberar sobre o que distingue verdade de verdade científica. Embora não seja uma questão nova, pois segue peregrina desde a sua origem, precisa ser conjecturada sob a emergência de uma nova mentalidade. Desta vez, desestabilizando-se da visão de que a verdade científica estaria ou no sujeito ou no objeto, e sendo a fonte do conhecimento um lugar de onde fala um sujeito que conhece e um objeto que é conhecido, em posição de equidade epistemológica, a verdade poderia estar na relação entre eles e, em consequência, no princípio da complementaridade entre as ciências. Palavras-chave: Ética. Verdade. Método. Ciências Humanas. (shrink)

Resumen. La consideración de una nueva visión para sustituir y revisar las concepciones humanasen relación con el ambiente, plantea necesariamente mantener una misión educativa, dirigiendo laatención al complejo mundo natural, porque bajo esta perspectiva, educar representa una formaviable entre la realidad y el medio, condición indispensable para replantear la promoción de lasactividades ecológicas mediante el panorama gerencial, bajo el rol que desempeña el gerente deaula, para obtener cambios en el futuro posicionamiento humano en relación con la naturaleza. Elestudio tiene como (...) objetivo describir el rol gerencial del docente para la promoción de lasactividades ecológicas en la educación primaria. Tomando como caso el Colegio Jorbalán y EscuelaBásica San José, San Cristóbal, República Bolivariana de Venezuela. El estudio se fundamentó en laactividad promovida por el docente en cuanto a la participación ciudadana y el trabajo colaborativo,así mismo, la gerencia estratégica con referencia a la planificación, organización y dirección deactividades ecológicas. La investigación presentada es de nivel descriptivo, de campo, proyectofactible. Los resultados obtenidos indicaron, que los docentes promueven actividades departicipación ciudadana sobre acciones proambientales y valores ambientales; argumento del cualdiscreparon estudiantes y padres; también se detectaron deficiencias en el desarrollo de la gerenciaestratégica, concluyendo que el trabajo es importante porque hay necesidad de diseñar técnicas parala promoción de actividades ecológicas. Recomendando a los docentes como protagonistasmotivacionales, el ejercicio de los principios gerenciales con mayor firmeza a fin de mejorar lacalidad de vida.Palabras claves. Gerente de aula, promoción actividades ecológicas. Considering a new vision to replace and check the human conceptions in relation to theenvironment, necessarily arises maintain an educational mission, drawing attention to the complexnatural world, because from this perspective, education is a viable way between reality and theenvironment , which is essential to reconsider the promotion of environmental activities bymanagement scenario, in the role played by the manager class, for change in the future positioning inrelation to human nature. The study aimed to describe the managerial role of teachers in thepromotion of environmental activities in primary education. Case: Jorbalán College ElementarySchool and San Jose, San Cristobal, Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. The same was based onthe activity promoted by the teacher in terms of citizen participation and collaborative work, inaddition, management refers to strategic planning, organization and management of environmentalactivities. The research presented is descriptive level, field, and project feasible. Resultsindicated that teachers promote civic engagement activities on eco-friendly actions andenvironmental values; argument which students and parents disagreed, also identified shortcomingsin the development of strategic management, concluding that there is need to develop techniques forpromoting of environmental activities. It is recommended to teachers asprotagonists motivational exercise management principles more firmly to improve the quality of life.Keywords. Classroom manager, promoting environmental activities. (shrink)

Recent literature on skepticism has raised a nearly univocal voice in condemning skeptical argumentation on the grounds that such argumentation necessarily involves our adopting some nonordinary or unnatural perspective. Were this really so, then skeptical conclusions would not speak to us in the way in which skeptics think they do: We would be "insulated" from any such conclusions. I argue that skeptical argumentation need not rely on any nonordinary or unnatural standards. Rather, the skeptic's procedure is to offer a critique (...) from within. Having given my argument for this claim (which I call the 'continuity argument'), I consider and respond to two important objections. I conclude that the skeptic has a powerful meta-argument to be deployed in defending the legitimacy of his skeptical conclusions against the slings and arrows of (those I call) the half-true theorists. (shrink)

In this study, we evaluate how individual virtues and inter-organizational management control systems influence buyer–supplier performance through relationship quality. Results from a sample of 232 firms confirm that virtues and IOMCS relate positively to relationship quality and performance, respectively. However, IOMCS lose their positive influence on relationship quality when considered along with virtues. That is, when both variables enter the regression model simultaneously, virtues win. This interesting finding has particular resonance at a time when research on ethics still needs to (...) reinforce its positive effects on the practice of management. (shrink)

Supposing you were convinced by certain radical skeptical arguments that many of your beliefs were not justifiably believed by you, what stance could/should you adopt with regard to those skeptically-problematized beliefs? This paper explores a range of possible reactions, aiming to be reasonably comprehensive in coverage though admittedly suggestive rather than decisive in its treatment of each individual reaction. In considering this variety of responses we begin to see suggestive intimations of the ways in which radical skepticism could represent a (...) threat to our notions of cognitive self-mastery. (shrink)

Este trabajo utiliza el rastro analítico y hermenéutico producido por la resolución del “sofisma de los tres prisioneros”, que Lacan incluyó en su artículo de 1945 “El tiempo lógico y el aserto de certidumbre anticipada. Un nuevo sofisma” . Lo que con ello nos propusimos, fue mostrar la importancia de la alteridad como un elemento crucial para reflexionar sobre el deseo. La relevancia del “otro” aparece, así, no sólo como un complemento esencial para la constitución del sujeto, sino también como (...) el fundamento ontológico que hace de este sujeto un ser deseante, con el poder del lenguaje y volcado a la acción, es decir, un ser humano atado a la red social. (shrink)

Background Ethical decision making in intensive care is a demanding task. The need to proceed to ethical decision is considered to be a stress factor that may lead to burnout. The aim of this study is to explore the ethical problems that may increase burnout levels among physicians and nurses working in Portuguese intensive care units . A quantitative, multicentre, correlational study was conducted among 300 professionals.Results The most crucial ethical decisions made by professionals working in ICU were related to (...) communication, withholding or withdrawing treatments and terminal sedation. A positive relation was found between ethical decision making and burnout in nurses, namely, between burnout and the need to withdraw treatments , to withhold treatments and to proceed to terminal sedation . This did not apply to physicians. Emotional exhaustion was the burnout subdimension most affected by the ethical decision. The nurses' lack of involvement in ethical decision making was identified as a risk factor. Nevertheless, in comparison with nurses , it was the physicians who more keenly felt the need to proceed to ethical decisions in ICU.Conclusions Ethical problems were reported at different levels by physicians and nurses. The type of ethical decisions made by nurses working in Portuguese ICUs had an impact on burnout levels. This did not apply to physicians. This study highlights the need for education in the field of ethics in ICUs and the need to foster inter-disciplinary discussion so as to encourage ethical team deliberation in order to prevent burnout. (shrink)

En el marco de la Asamblea Nacional Constituyente inaugurada el año 2007 en Montecristi, Ecuador, se declaró al Estado ecuatoriano como un Estado Plurinacional. Tal declaración fue el resultado de un largo proceso de debate en que diversos sectores sociales y dentro de éstos los grupos indígenas y afrodescendientes históricamente marginados del Estado ecuatoriano, lograron posicionar e incorporar la noción de plurinacionalidad en la Constitución. Los textos reunidos en este libro abordan las ..

Este artigo objetiva pensar o debate envolvendo a questão da literalidade na obra de Gilles Deleuze, mormente naquela escrita em parceria com Félix Guattari, a partir de um recuo pelo pensamento do filósofo Henri Bergson. Apresentada como um modo singular de operar com a escrita, a literalidade deleuze-guattariana exigiria que determinadas formulações, mormente aquelas de teor imagético fossem lidas ao pé da letra (a la lettre) ao invés de interpretadas como metáforas. Tendo adentrado em nosso país por meio do dossiê (...) Entre Deleuze e a Educação, publicado em 2005 no periódico Educação & Sociedade, a questão da literalidade fomentou uma discussão acalorada, nomeadamente no campo educacional – dado o fato de um dos participantes, François Zourabichvili, propor uma pretensa teoria de ensino deleuzeana a partir dessa noção. Longe de querer encerrar tal debate, almejamos pensá-lo sob a égide do pensamento bergsoniano, a fim de propor um escape do binarismo estabelecido. (shrink)

Imagination and memory are often distinguished as fiction and reality, but classical authors, such as Hobbes, have been well aware of their similitudes. And the French writer Stendhal (acknowledging his debt to Hobbes, whose works he read in his youth) is perhaps the novelist to have shown most accurately how, from the moment love became amour passion in the beginning of the 19th century, the power of imagination inside memory began to grow – until it was able to undermine and (...) even cut the link between memory and reality. But the emergence of passionate love creates a new challenge: can we control the powers of passion that we have identified? How can we accept the ideal of freeing the emotions, and simultaneously aim to control them, in order to attain a better life than human beings have had until now? (shrink)

Este libro desarrolla un exhaustivo análisis y diagnóstico de la situación actual de las políticas bibliotecarias en Chile, su definición, aplicación y contexto en el ámbito escolar, universitario y público; buscando determinar cuáles y cómo son las políticas bibliotecarias existentes en Chile, reconociendo que se trata de una realidad escasamente observada e investigada sistemáticamente. La publicación entrega además resultados en base a un análisis profundo de las bibliotecas chilenas con..

This paper argues that the idea of inclusion is linked to the democratic tradition rather than to the republican one. By analyzing the origins and meaning of these two concepts, the author holds that democracy is rather linked to desire and republic to will (and to the expression of desire), and concludes that, since North Atlantic political tradition has not given a key role to desire, democracy, in order to overcome the difficulties it has been encountering in all parts of (...) the world, should take more account of desire and of the social struggles it brings to the fore. (shrink)