Results for 'Léonard Loew'

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  1.  10
    Empathische Transzendenz – transzendente Empathie: Einfühlung als regulative Idee der Selbst-Perfektionierung.Léonard Loew - 2021 - Paragrana: Internationale Zeitschrift für Historische Anthropologie 30 (1):176-189.
    Einfühlung wird ideengeschichtlich an das Konzept der Selbstperfektionierung geknüpft und insofern im Modus der Defizienz verhandelt. Dabei fungieren antike und mittelalterliche Diskurse um Gotteserkenntnis als historisch-konzeptionelle Vorläufer neuzeitlichmoderner Erklärungsfolien zwischenmenschlicher Alterität, mithin als semantische Vorform der zeitgenössischen Einfühlungs-Idee. In diesem Kontext ist eine ethisch-epistemologische Asymmetrie zu konstatieren, die Gott einerseits als den All-Empathischen beschreibt und zugleich die Erkenntnisbemühungen des Menschen als unabgeschlossen und prozessual vorstellt. Einfühlung produziert sich als regulative Idee im doppelten Sinne: Während Gott als empathische Transzendenz erscheint, bedarf (...)
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  2.  6
    Avatar of Desire: Das Begehren des ganz Anderen als Einfühlungs-Erotik.Léonard Loew - 2022 - Paragrana: Internationale Zeitschrift für Historische Anthropologie 31 (1):101-113.
    Im Folgenden geht es um die erotische Komponente von Erkenntnis und Erkenntnisästhetik im Hinblick auf das Gewahr-Werden und Ergriffen-Sein des Gläubigen durch Gott. In diesem Sinne impliziert der Topos der Gotteserkenntnis auch eine körperlich fundierte Semantik, als Nähe zu Gott, die ein Verlangen nach (An-)Erkannt-Sein und Verstanden-Werden auf der einen Seite wie auch nach Gottes-Erkenntnis auf der anderen Seite beinhaltet. Das Begehren des Gläubigen nach einer Einfühlung in Gott (der seinerseits all-empathisch, also all-begehrend istVgl. Loew 2021a; b.) kann als (...)
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  3.  83
    Hegel's undiscovered thesis-antithesis-synthesis dialectics: what only Marx and Tillich understood.Leonard F. Wheat - 2012 - Amherst, N.Y.: Prometheus Books.
    Since Mueller’s 1958 article calling Hegelian dialectics a “legend,” it has been fashionable to deny that Hegel used thesis-antithesis-synthesis dialectics. But in truth, Hegel’s Phenomenology of Spirit has 28 dialectics hidden on four outline levels, and The Philosophy of History has 10 more on three outline levels. In Phenomenology’s macrodialectic, Hegel’s nonsupernatural Spirit–all reality, everything in the universe, including man and artificial objects–advances from unconscious + union (thesis) to conscious + separation (antithesis) to a synthesis of conscious (from the antithesis) (...)
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  4.  8
    Business ethics in healthcare: beyond compliance.Leonard J. Weber - 2001 - Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
    The author offers perspectives that can assist healthcare managers in achieving the highest ethical standards as they face their roles as healthcare providers, employers, and community service organizations. He also examines how to comply with relevant laws and regulations, provide high quality patient care with limited resources, and more.
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  5.  8
    El realismo radical de Xavier Zubiri: valoración crítica.Leonard P. Wessell - 1992 - Salamanca, España: Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca.
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  6. The measurement of locus of control among alcoholics.Leonard Worell & Thomas N. Tumilty - 1981 - In Herbert M. Lefcourt (ed.), Research with the locus of control construct. New York: Academic Press. pp. 1--321.
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  7. The Foundations of Statistics.Leonard J. Savage - 1954 - Wiley Publications in Statistics.
    Classic analysis of the subject and the development of personal probability; one of the greatest controversies in modern statistcal thought.
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  8. Why Defend Humean Supervenience?Siegfried Jaag & Christian Loew - 2020 - Journal of Philosophy 117 (7):387-406.
    Humean Supervenience is a metaphysical model of the world according to which all truths hold in virtue of nothing but the total spatiotemporal distribution of perfectly natural, intrinsic properties. David Lewis and others have worked out many aspects of HS in great detail. A larger motivational question, however, remains unanswered: As Lewis admits, there is strong evidence from fundamental physics that HS is false. What then is the purpose of defending HS? In this paper, we argue that the philosophical merit (...)
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  9. The Foundations of Statistics.Leonard J. Savage - 1956 - Philosophy of Science 23 (2):166-166.
     
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  10. The Foundations of Statistics.Leonard J. Savage - 1954 - Synthese 11 (1):86-89.
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  11. Preserving the Normative Significance of Sentience.Leonard Dung - 2024 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 31 (1):8-30.
    According to an orthodox view, the capacity for conscious experience (sentience) is relevant to the distribution of moral status and value. However, physicalism about consciousness might threaten the normative relevance of sentience. According to the indeterminacy argument, sentience is metaphysically indeterminate while indeterminacy of sentience is incompatible with its normative relevance. According to the introspective argument (by François Kammerer), the unreliability of our conscious introspection undercuts the justification for belief in the normative relevance of consciousness. I defend the normative relevance (...)
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  12. Understanding Artificial Agency.Leonard Dung - forthcoming - Philosophical Quarterly.
    Which artificial intelligence (AI) systems are agents? To answer this question, I propose a multidimensional account of agency. According to this account, a system's agency profile is jointly determined by its level of goal-directedness and autonomy as well as is abilities for directly impacting the surrounding world, long-term planning and acting for reasons. Rooted in extant theories of agency, this account enables fine-grained, nuanced comparative characterizations of artificial agency. I show that this account has multiple important virtues and is more (...)
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  13. Emotion and meaning in music.Leonard B. Meyer - 1956 - [Chicago]: University of Chicago Press.
    Analyzes the meaning expressed in music, the social and psychological sources of meaning, and the methods of musical communication This is a book meant for ...
  14.  39
    Elicitation of Personal Probabilities and Expectations.Leonard Savage - 1971 - Journal of the American Statistical Association 66 (336):783-801.
  15. The argument for near-term human disempowerment through AI.Leonard Dung - 2024 - AI and Society:1-14.
    Many researchers and intellectuals warn about extreme risks from artificial intelligence. However, these warnings typically came without systematic arguments in support. This paper provides an argument that AI will lead to the permanent disempowerment of humanity, e.g. human extinction, by 2100. It rests on four substantive premises which it motivates and defends: first, the speed of advances in AI capability, as well as the capability level current systems have already reached, suggest that it is practically possible to build AI systems (...)
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  16. Assessing tests of animal consciousness.Leonard Dung - 2022 - Consciousness and Cognition 105 (C):103410.
    Which animals have conscious experiences? Many different, diverse and unrelated behaviors and cognitive capacities have been proposed as tests of the presence of consciousness in an animal. It is unclear which of these tests, if any, are valid. To remedy this problem, I develop a list consisting of eight desiderata which can be used to assess putative tests of animal consciousness. These desiderata are based either on detailed analogies between consciousness-linked human behavior and non-human behavior, on theories of consciousness or (...)
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  17.  31
    The logic of significance and context.Leonard Goddard - 1973 - New York,: Wiley. Edited by Richard Sylvan.
  18.  42
    Names and descriptions.Leonard Linsky - 1977 - Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  19.  82
    Force Dynamics in Language and Cognition.Leonard Talmy - 1988 - Cognitive Science 12 (1):49-100.
    Abstract“Force dynamics” refers to a previously neglected semantic category—how entities interact with respect to force. This category includes such concepts as: the exertion of force, resistance to such exertion and the overcoming of such resistance, blockage of a force and the removal of such blockage, and so forth. Force dynamics is a generalization over the traditional linguistic notion of “causative”: it analyzes “causing” into finer primitives and sets it naturally within a framework that also includes “letting,”“hindering,”“helping,” and still further notions. (...)
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  20. The Theory of Statistical Decision.Leonard J. Savage - 1951 - Journal of the American Statistical Association 46:55--67.
     
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  21.  70
    Why the Epistemic Objection Against Using Sentience as Criterion of Moral Status is Flawed.Leonard Dung - 2022 - Science and Engineering Ethics 28 (6):1-15.
    According to a common view, sentience is necessary and sufficient for moral status. In other words, whether a being has intrinsic moral relevance is determined by its capacity for conscious experience. The _epistemic objection_ derives from our profound uncertainty about sentience. According to this objection, we cannot use sentience as a _criterion_ to ascribe moral status in practice because we won’t know in the foreseeable future which animals and AI systems are sentient while ethical questions regarding the possession of moral (...)
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  22.  62
    Profiles of animal consciousness: A species-sensitive, two-tier account to quality and distribution.Leonard Dung & Albert Newen - 2023 - Cognition 235 (C):105409.
    The science of animal consciousness investigates (i) which animal species are conscious (the distribution question) and (ii) how conscious experience differs in detail between species (the quality question). We propose a framework which clearly distinguishes both questions and tackles both of them. This two-tier account distinguishes consciousness along ten dimensions and suggests cognitive capacities which serve as distinct operationalizations for each dimension. The two-tier account achieves three valuable aims: First, it separates strong and weak indicators of the presence of consciousness. (...)
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  23.  13
    Bergson-Deleuze Encounters: Transcendental Experience and the Thought of the Virtual.Valentine Moulard-Leonard - 2008 - State University of New York Press.
    Explores the continuities and discontinuities in the work of Henri Bergson and Gilles Deleuze.
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  24. Disjunctive properties: Multiple realizations.Leonard J. Clapp - 2001 - Journal of Philosophy 98 (3):111-136.
  25.  11
    An ‘attractive alternative way of wielding power’? Revealing hidden gender ideologies in the portrayal of women Heads of State during the COVID-19 pandemic.Carolin Debray, Stephanie Schnurr, Joelle Loew & Sophie Reissner-Roubicek - 2024 - Critical Discourse Studies 21 (1):52-75.
    This paper explores the gendered discourses of the – seemingly favourable – media coverage that certain Heads of State received for their handling of the COVID-19 pandemic. Looking at media reports published in different English-speaking outlets in the US, the UK, India, Bangladesh, Singapore, New Zealand, Australia, and Ireland, and using multimodal feminist critical discourse analysis, we identify and describe strategies that on the surface appear to challenge hegemonic – and largely masculine – discourses of leadership. Upon closer scrutiny, these (...)
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  26. How to deal with risks of AI suffering.Leonard Dung - forthcoming - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy.
    1. 1.1. Suffering is bad. This is why, ceteris paribus, there are strong moral reasons to prevent suffering. Moreover, typically, those moral reasons are stronger when the amount of suffering at st...
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  27.  18
    Inductive Inference and Unsolvability.Leonard M. Adleman & M. Blum - 1991 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 56 (3):891-900.
  28.  82
    Does illusionism imply skepticism of animal consciousness?Leonard Dung - 2022 - Synthese 200 (3):1-19.
    Illusionism about consciousness entails that phenomenal consciousness doesn’t exist. The distribution question concerns the distribution of consciousness in the animal kingdom. Skepticism of animal consciousness is the view that few or no kinds of animals possess consciousness. Thus, illusionism seems to imply a skeptical view on the distribution question. However, I argue that illusionism and skepticism of animal consciousness are actually orthogonal to each other. If illusionism is true, then phenomenal consciousness does not ground intrinsic value so that the non-existence (...)
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  29.  47
    Music, the arts, and ideas.Leonard B. Meyer - 1967 - Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
    The Postlude, written for this edition, looks back at the predictions made more than twenty-five years ago and speculates about what the coming decades may hold ...
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  30.  49
    Current cases of AI misalignment and their implications for future risks.Leonard Dung - 2023 - Synthese 202 (5):1-23.
    How can one build AI systems such that they pursue the goals their designers want them to pursue? This is the alignment problem. Numerous authors have raised concerns that, as research advances and systems become more powerful over time, misalignment might lead to catastrophic outcomes, perhaps even to the extinction or permanent disempowerment of humanity. In this paper, I analyze the severity of this risk based on current instances of misalignment. More specifically, I argue that contemporary large language models and (...)
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  31. Making best systems best for us.Christian Loew & Siegfried Jaag - 2018 - Synthese 197 (6):2525-2550.
    Humean reductionism about laws of nature appears to leave a central aspect of scientific practice unmotivated: If the world’s fundamental structure is exhausted by the actual distribution of non-modal properties and the laws of nature are merely efficient summaries of this distribution, then why does science posit laws that cover a wide range of non-actual circumstances? In this paper, we develop a new version of the Humean best systems account of laws based on the idea that laws need to organize (...)
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  32.  70
    Inductive inference and unsolvability.Leonard M. Adleman & M. Blum - 1991 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 56 (3):891-900.
    It is shown that many different problems have the same degree of unsolvability. Among these problems are: THE INDUCTIVE INFERENCE PROBLEM. Infer in the limit an index for a recursive function f presented as f(0), f(1), f(2),.... THE RECURSIVE INDEX PROBLEM. Decide in the limit if i is the index of a total recursive function. THE ZERO NONVARIANT PROBLEM. Decide in the limit if a recursive function f presented as f(0), f(1), f(2),... has value unequal to zero for infinitely many (...)
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  33.  86
    Difficulties in the theory of personal probability.Leonard J. Savage - 1967 - Philosophy of Science 34 (4):305-310.
    We statisticians, with our specific concern for uncertainty, are even more liable than other practical men to encounter philosophy, whether we like it or not. For my part, I like it comparatively well. That is why the honor of opening this session of discussion has come to me, though my background makes my knowledge and idiom somewhat different from your own.
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  34. Freier Wille und Naturgesetze: Überlegungen zum Konsequenzargument.Andreas Hüttemann & Christian Loew - 2019 - In Martin Breul, Aaron Langenfeld, Saskia Wendel & Klaus von Stoch (eds.), Streit um die Freiheit – Philosophische und Theologische Perspektiven. Paderborn: Schöningh. pp. 77-93.
    In this paper, we argue that the Consequence Argument relies on empirical premises. In particular, we show how the argument depends upon assumptions about the character of the laws of nature.
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  35.  10
    Bergson-Deleuze Encounters: Transcendental Experience and the Thought of the Virtual.Valentine Moulard-Leonard - 2008 - State University of New York Press.
    _Explores the continuities and discontinuities in the work of Henri Bergson and Gilles Deleuze._.
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  36. Art & physics: parallel visions in space, time, and light.Leonard Shlain - 1991 - New York: Quill/W. Morrow.
    Art interprets the visible world, physics charts its unseen workings--making the two realms seem completely opposed. But in Art & Physics, Leonard Shlain tracks their breakthroughs side by side throughout history to reveal an astonishing correlation of visions. From teh classical Greek sculptors to Andy Warhol and Jasper Johns, and from Aristotle to Einstein, aritsts have foreshadowed the discoveries of scientists, such as when Money and Cezanne intuited the coming upheaval in physics that Einstein would initiate. In this lively and (...)
     
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  37.  9
    The Targeting System of Language.Leonard Talmy - 2018 - MIT Press.
    In this book, Leonard Talmy proposes that a single linguistic/cognitive system, targeting, underlies two domains of linguistic reference, those termed anaphora and deixis. Talmy argues that language engages the same cognitive system to single out referents whether they are speech-internal or speech-external. Talmy explains the targeting system in this way: as a speaker communicates with a hearer, her attention is on an object to which she wishes to refer; this is her target. To get the hearer's attention on it as (...)
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  38.  10
    Language, Its Nature, Development, and Origin.Leonard Bloomfield & Otto Jespersen - 1922 - American Journal of Philology 43 (4):370.
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  39.  20
    Placebo: Theory, Research, and Mechanisms.Leonard White, Bernard Tursky & Gary E. Schwartz - 1985 - Guilford Press.
  40.  42
    A Laboratory Method for Investigating Influences on Switching Attention to Task-Unrelated Imagery and Thought.Leonard M. Giambra - 1995 - Consciousness and Cognition 4 (1):1-21.
    Thought-intrusions, automatic inferences, and other unintended thought are beginning to play an important role in the study of psychiatric disease as well as normal thought processes. We examine one method for study of task-unrelated imagery and thought . TUIT likelihood was shown to be reliably measured over a wide range of vigilance tasks, to have high short-term and long-term test-retest reliability, and to be sensitive to information processing demands. Likelihood of TUITs was shown to be different as a function of (...)
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  41.  7
    Making the Human Mind.Leonard Abrahamson - 1988 - Philosophical Studies (Dublin) 32:364-366.
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  42.  6
    Coyer and the Enlightenment.Leonard Adams - 1974 - Banbury: Voltaire Foundation.
    The Oxford University Studies in the Enlightenment series, previously known as SVEC (Studies on Voltaire and the Eighteenth Century), has published over 500 peer-reviewed scholarly volumes since 1955 as part of the Voltaire Foundation at the University of Oxford. International in focus, Oxford University Studies in the Enlightenment volumes cover wide-ranging aspects of the eighteenth century and the Enlightenment, from gender studies to political theory, and from economics to visual arts and music, and are published in English or French.
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  43.  10
    The Sublime and the Intellectual Effort: The Imagination In Bergson and Kant.Valentine Moulard-Leonard - 2006 - Journal of the British Society for Phenomenology 37 (2):138-151.
  44. Against the Explanatory Argument for Enactivism.Leonard Dung - 2022 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 29 (7-8):57-68.
    Sensorimotor enactivism is the view that the content and the sensory modality of perceptual experience are determined by implicit knowledge of lawful regularities between bodily movements and patterns of sensory stimulation. A proponent of the explanatory argument for sensorimotor enactivism holds that this view is able to provide an intelligible explanation for why certain material realizers give rise to certain perceptual experiences, while rival accounts cannot close this “explanatory gap”. However, I argue that the notion of the “material realizer” of (...)
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  45. The Foundations of Statistics Reconsidered.Leonard J. Savage - 1980 - In Henry Ely Kyburg (ed.), Studies in subjective probability. Huntington, N.Y.: Krieger. pp. 173--188.
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  46. Is superintelligence necessarily moral?Leonard Dung - forthcoming - Analysis.
    Numerous authors have expressed concern that advanced artificial intelligence (AI) poses an existential risk to humanity. These authors argue that we might build AI which is vastly intellectually superior to humans (a ‘superintelligence’), and which optimizes for goals that strike us as morally bad, or even irrational. Thus, this argument assumes that a superintelligence might have morally bad goals. However, according to some views, a superintelligence necessarily has morally adequate goals. This might be the case either because abilities for moral (...)
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  47.  53
    Humean Laws for Human Agents.Christian Loew, Siegfried Jaag & Michael Townsen Hicks (eds.) - 2023 - Oxford: Oxford UP.
    Humean Laws for Human Agents presents cutting-edge research by leading experts on the Humean account of laws, chance, possibility, and necessity. A central question in metaphysics and philosophy of science is: What are laws of nature? Humeans hold that laws are not sui generis metaphysical entities but merely particularly effective summaries of what actually happens. The most discussed recent work on Humeanism emphasizes the laws' usefulness for limited agents and uses pragmatic considerations to address fundamental and long-standing problems. The current (...)
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  48.  9
    Wrestling off RAD51: a novel role for RecQ helicases.Leonard Wu - 2008 - Bioessays 30 (4):291-295.
    Homologous recombination (HR) is essential for the accurate repair of DNA double‐strand breaks and damaged replication forks. However, inappropriate or aberrant HR can also result in genome rearrangements. The maintenance of cell viability is, therefore, a careful balancing act between the benefits of HR (the error‐free repair of DNA strand breaks) and the potential detrimental outcomes of HR (chromosomal rearrangements). Two papers have recently provided a mechanistic insight into how HR may be tempered by RecQ helicases to prevent genome instability (...)
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  49.  3
    Confucius says no.Leonard Peng-Kin Yong - 2013 - Canberra: Halstead Press.
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  50.  9
    Moments of area and of the perimeter of visual form as predictors of discrimination performance.Leonard Zusne - 1965 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 69 (3):213.
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